Directions and Tools for Implementing the Principles of Sustainable Development in Russia

The chapter analyzes the main directions and tools for implementing the principles of sustainable development in Russia. The aggravation of environmental and social problems, especially in the last two decades, has led to the actualization of the concept of sustainable development. At the present stage, almost all countries have already included sustainable development goals in their strategies and have achieved certain results in their implementation. According to the University of Cambridge Sustainability Report, in 2021, Finland, Sweden, and Denmark were the most effective in this area. In this rating, which includes 165 countries, Russia took only 46th place. In this regard, this chapter focuses on studying the tools introduced and planned for introduction in the near future to implement the principles of sustainable development in Russia. As a result, the authors proved that the priority areas for implementing the principles of sustainable development in Russia are reducing the negative impact on the environment and achieving carbon neutrality. The best available technologies and the environmental tax can become key tools in implementing these areas. The implementation of these areas and the use of the selected tools will allow Russia to make progress in achieving sustainable development goals and enter at least the top 20 leading countries in this direction.