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3D Scenery Construction of Agricultural Environments for Robotics Awareness

In: Information and Communication Technologies for Agriculture—Theme III: Decision

Author

Listed:
  • Aristotelis Christos Tagarakis

    (Institute for Bio-Economy and Agri-Technology (IBO), Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH))

  • Damianos Kalaitzidis

    (Institute for Bio-Economy and Agri-Technology (IBO), Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH))

  • Evangelia Filippou

    (Institute for Bio-Economy and Agri-Technology (IBO), Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH))

  • Lefteris Benos

    (Institute for Bio-Economy and Agri-Technology (IBO), Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH))

  • Dionysis Bochtis

    (Institute for Bio-Economy and Agri-Technology (IBO), Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH))

Abstract

Depth cameras started to gain popularity in agricultural applications during the last years. This type of cameras has been implemented mainly for three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of objects in indoor or outdoor sceneries. The use of such cameras in the construction of 3D models for simulation purposes of complex structures that are usually met in nature, such as trees and other plants, is a great challenge. Remarkably, agricultural environments are extremely complex. Thus, the proper setup and implementation of such technologies is particularly important in order to attain useable data. So far, the depth information collected using these cameras varies among different objects’ structure and sensing conditions due to the uncertainty of the outdoor environment. The use of a specific methodology using color and depth images gives the opportunity to extract geometrical characteristics information about point clouds of the targeted objects. This chapter explores the different technologies used by depth cameras and presents several applications concerning indoor and outdoor environments by presenting indicative scenarios for agricultural applications. Towards that direction, a 3D reconstruction of trees was established producing point clouds from Red Green Blue Depth (RGB-D) images acquired in real field conditions. The point cloud samples of trees were collected using an unmanned ground vehicle (UGV) and imported in Gazebo in order to visualize a simulation of the environment. This simulation technique can be used for testing and evaluating the navigation of robotic systems. By further analyzing the resulted 3D point clouds, various geometrical measurements of the simulated samples, such as the volume or the height of tree canopies, can be calculated. Possible weaknesses of this procedure are mainly attributed to the camera’s limitations and the sampling parameters. However, results show that it is possible to establish a suitable simulation environment to implement it in several agricultural applications by utilizing automated unmanned robotic platforms.

Suggested Citation

  • Aristotelis Christos Tagarakis & Damianos Kalaitzidis & Evangelia Filippou & Lefteris Benos & Dionysis Bochtis, 2022. "3D Scenery Construction of Agricultural Environments for Robotics Awareness," Springer Optimization and Its Applications, in: Dionysis D. Bochtis & Claus Grøn Sørensen & Spyros Fountas & Vasileios Moysiadis & Panos M. Pardalos (ed.), Information and Communication Technologies for Agriculture—Theme III: Decision, pages 125-142, Springer.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:spochp:978-3-030-84152-2_6
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-84152-2_6
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Luis-Rogelio Roman-Rivera & Israel Sotelo-Rodríguez & Jesus Carlos Pedraza-Ortega & Marco Antonio Aceves-Fernandez & Juan Manuel Ramos-Arreguín & Efrén Gorrostieta-Hurtado, 2022. "Reduced Calibration Strategy Using a Basketball for RGB-D Cameras," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-15, June.
    2. Luis-Rogelio Roman-Rivera & Jesus Carlos Pedraza-Ortega & Marco Antonio Aceves-Fernandez & Juan Manuel Ramos-Arreguín & Efrén Gorrostieta-Hurtado & Saúl Tovar-Arriaga, 2023. "A Robust Sphere Detection in a Realsense Point Cloud by USING Z-Score and RANSAC," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-16, February.

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