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Strategic Ethics in an Age of Existential Technology: Post-Quantum Security, Geopolitics, and the Red Lines We Cannot Cross

In: New Perspectives in Economics and Management, Vol 1

Author

Listed:
  • Maria Costeira

    (Chair of the Steering Committee on AI of the European Digital SME Alliance
    Expert—EU Chips Joint Undertaking
    Next Gen Computing Mentor—European Innovation Council (EIC))

  • Sónia M. A. Morgado

    (Research Center (ICPOL)—Higher Institute of Police Sciences and Internal Security
    Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD—Research Center in Sports Sciences
    Distinguished Fellow of the Portuguese Order of Economists)

Abstract

Quantum computing represents a radical technological leap, capable of dismantling the cryptographic foundations that secure digital communications, global finance, and critical infrastructure. By 2030, quantum computers may be able to break RSA-2048 encryption, which underpins most financial transactions. This paper introduces the concept of cryptographic justice, framing post-quantum cryptography as both a technical necessity and a moral responsibility to prevent quantum-enabled inequalities and digital colonialism. We examine systemic risks, including harvest-now, decrypt-later attacks, vulnerabilities in financial networks, and the concentration of quantum capabilities among a few state and corporate actors. Using geopolitical scenario modelling, we evaluate fragmented quantum transitions and propose coordinated resilience strategies. A Quantum Ethics Impact Assessment (QEIA) and a Quantum Geneva Convention are advanced to establish global norms, prohibit harmful practices, and ensure equitable access to post-quantum protections.

Suggested Citation

  • Maria Costeira & Sónia M. A. Morgado, 2026. "Strategic Ethics in an Age of Existential Technology: Post-Quantum Security, Geopolitics, and the Red Lines We Cannot Cross," Springer Proceedings in Business and Economics, in: Alvaro Rocha & Elisabeth T. Pereira & Isaias Bianchi & Manuel Au-Yong-Oliveira & Tutut Herawan (ed.), New Perspectives in Economics and Management, Vol 1, chapter 0, pages 19-31, Springer.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:prbchp:978-3-032-29260-5_2
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-032-29260-5_2
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