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Energy Audit in Buildings for Sustainable Economic Development

In: Advances in Empirical Economic Research

Author

Listed:
  • Ali Raza Kalair

    (Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn Campus)

  • Mehdi Seyedmahmoudian

    (Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn Campus)

  • Naeem Abas

    (University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus)

  • Muhammad Shoaib Saleem

    (University of Management and Technology Lahore, Sialkot Campus)

  • Alex Stojcevski

    (Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn Campus)

  • Saad Mekhilef

    (Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn Campus)

  • Kek Koh

    (Brightcell Energy)

Abstract

Building sector consumes 40% of energy, 60% of electricity, and 25% of global water. Hot humid countries consume 46% electricity for cooling in summer and 47% gas for heating in winter. Buildings consume 40% of the world’s energy resources and contribute 33% of global GHG emissions. Buildings with HVAC systems, lacking heat recovery, have 30% no-cost or low-cost energy-saving potential. The energy audit identifies energy conservation opportunities (ECOs) in residential, commercial, and industrial buildings, which is in phase with IPCC climate change mitigation policy. Zero net energy (ZNE) or zero energy buildings (ZEB) have minimum energy consumptions, yet these are not green buildings. Zero-emission plants and beyond zero-emission (BZE) free energy buildings (FEB) integrate solar heating and cooling (SHC) systems. Carbon-emission pinch analysis (CEPA) and carbon absorption pinch analysis (CAPA) techniques are used to build model zero-emission cities (ZEC). The energy audit in existing buildings identifies energy conservation opportunities (ECOs. Energy consumption analysis of 48 double story homes in sector-I/9 Islamabad shows 25% energy-saving potential. Integration of solar heating and geothermal cooling in buildings reduces net energy demand. This work reports energy audit-based consumption spectra in residential buildings and reduction in demand by integration of a CO2 fluid-mediated solar water-heating system to develop ZNE buildings.

Suggested Citation

  • Ali Raza Kalair & Mehdi Seyedmahmoudian & Naeem Abas & Muhammad Shoaib Saleem & Alex Stojcevski & Saad Mekhilef & Kek Koh, 2023. "Energy Audit in Buildings for Sustainable Economic Development," Springer Proceedings in Business and Economics, in: Nicholas Tsounis & Aspasia Vlachvei (ed.), Advances in Empirical Economic Research, chapter 0, pages 587-612, Springer.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:prbchp:978-3-031-22749-3_37
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-22749-3_37
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