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In Search of Spirituality: Value Orientations of Universities in Bulgaria

Author

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  • Ninel Nesheva-Kiosseva

    (University of National and World Economy, Institute of Economics and Policies)

Abstract

This research presents an innovative methodological framework for examining spiritual values as institutional foundations within Bulgarian higher education. Through systematic quantitative analysis of university Ethics Codes and rigorous application of Krippendorff’s Alpha reliability measures, we assess the coherence of spiritual values integration across academic institutions. Our investigation reveals a compelling paradox: despite Bulgaria’s profound cultural and spiritual heritage, these values maintain only marginal presence within most universities’ ethical frameworks. The comparative analysis yields particularly significant insights: while the majority of institutions demonstrate fragmented and inconsistent incorporation of spiritual values, the university occupying the premier position in the Ministry of Education’s ranking, based on comprehensive civic-oriented criteria, shows remarkably stronger and more systematic integration. This pronounced contrast suggests that the thoughtful embedding of spiritual values within ethical codes potentially enhances institutional excellence across secular performance metrics. We conceptualize spirituality as a distinct educational construct—a consciously developed self-awareness that fosters moral reasoning and human development while maintaining independence from religious frameworks. The study ultimately offers a transferable assessment model that positions spiritual values as empirically measurable foundations for cultivating sustainable academic communities and advancing institutional development.

Suggested Citation

  • Ninel Nesheva-Kiosseva, 2026. "In Search of Spirituality: Value Orientations of Universities in Bulgaria," CSR, Sustainability, Ethics & Governance,, Springer.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:csrchp:978-3-032-16077-5_5
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-032-16077-5_5
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