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What do we know about the future of food systems in India?

In: What do we know about the future of food systems?

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  • Balaji, Sedithippa Janarthanan
  • Birthal, Pratap S.
  • Pal, Barun Deb

Abstract

Rapid growth in the livestock and fisheries subsectors, driven by increasing demand, has advanced the frontiers of agricultural growth in India. Irrigation plays the dual role of enhancing both productivity and resilience in agriculture, but increasing reliance on groundwater for irrigation and the consequent decline in groundwater levels impede the sustainable transformation of India’s agrifood production systems. Although climate change is a significant challenge to the sustainability of agriculture, implementation of climate-smart interventions can significantly improve agricultural productivity and resilience. Changing dietary patterns reinforce the need to reshape agricultural policies to promote diversification of agriculture in favor of nutrient-dense foods, including animal-source foods and fruits and vegetables. Diversification may contribute to the enhanced sustainability of natural resources, mitigate risk, and augment farm income, thereby addressing nutrition insecurity and reducing farm poverty. Enhancing self-sufficiency in specific commodities, such as edible oils and pulses, requires technological advancements and safeguards against low-cost imports.

Suggested Citation

  • Balaji, Sedithippa Janarthanan & Birthal, Pratap S. & Pal, Barun Deb, 2025. "What do we know about the future of food systems in India?," IFPRI book chapters, in: What do we know about the future of food systems?, chapter 25, pages p. 145-15, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
    • Handle: RePEc:fpr:ifpric:175512
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