Crop Yield Estimation Using the Internet of Things

Internet of Things (IoT) in the current era is liable for its drastic transforming impact on human life, especially in the agricultural sector. IoT has transformed conventional agriculture into smart agriculture making agriculture more feasible in recent days. In this paper, it is proposed to develop a smart agricultural solution for using technologies like Arduino, IoT and Wireless Sensor Network. The developed system prototype uses IoT to perform three main functions namely, self/smart irrigation, crop productivity estimation and alerts cattle grazing. It also provides easy accessibility of the sensed information using an Android-based application and Bluetooth for short-range communication. The features of this paper include monitoring temperature, moisture level, detecting presence of inflammable gases and an emergency alert notification to alert any decline in crop health and cattle grazing directly to the farmer’s smartphone using Android app and Bluetooth. The desirable yielding conditions of a crop are programmed in the android app and compared with the sensed information. With the difference in levels the crop yield is estimated beforehand. A complete health monitoring system is developed using Arduino to perform a periodic check on the growth of the crop and its yielding conditions. Because of its feasibility, energy efficiency and cost-effectiveness, the system can be used in water-deficient agricultural lands with less human intervention.