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Integrated National Energy Planning (Inep) In Developing Countries

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  • MOHAN MUNASINGHE

Abstract

Recent increases in energy prices have drawn attention to the importance of developing an integrated approach to energy sector planning, in contrast to the prevailing practice of uncoordinated planning in different energy sub‐sectors. Integrated national energy planning (INEP) requires a clear definition of national objectives, in relation to which links between the energy sector, and activities in each individual sub‐sector, may be analysed. Policy tools for achieving national goals include physical controls, technical methods, education and propaganda, and pricing. Use of these tools must be coordinated. The INEP procedure, which leads to an energy master plan, consists of several steps: determining the socio‐economic background, supply and demand analysis, energy balance, and policy formulation. Initially INEP may be carried out at a relatively simple level, and later as data and analytical capabilities improve more sophisticated computerized modelling techniques could be implemented. The institutional structure should be rationalized by setting up a central energy authority (CEA) or ministry of energy (MOE), with its principal focus on energy planning and policy formulation. Les récentes hausses des prix de l'énergie ont révélé l'importance de l'élaboration d'une approche intégrée de la planification du secteur de l'énergie contrastant avec les pratiques courantes de planification non coordonnée qui existent dans les différents sous‐secteurs de l'énergie. La planification nationale intégrée de l'énergie (PNIE) requiert une définition précise des objectifs nationaux à la lumière desquels on pourra analyser les liens existant entre le secteur de l'énergie et les autres secteurs de l'économie, les rapports entre les sous‐secteurs à l'intérieur du secteur de l'énergie et les activités de chaque sous‐secteur pris individuellement. Les contrôles directs, les méthodes techniques, l'enseignement, la publicité et la fixation des prix sont au nombre des moyens d'action dont dispose une telle politique pour parvenir aux objectifs nationaux. La procedure de la PNIE qui conduit â l'élaboration d'un plan‐cadre en matière d'énergie comprend plusieurs étapes: détermination du contexte socio‐économique, analyse de l'offre et de la demande, bilan énergétique et formulation politique. Dans une première étape, la PNIE peut être effectuée à un niveau relativement élémentaire et par la suite, au fur et à mesure que les donnés et les méthodes d'analyse s'améliorent, des techniques informatiques plus avancées en matiére d'établissement de modèlas pourraient étre utilisées. Le cadre institutionnel devrait être rationalise par la creation d'une autorité centrale de l'énergie ou d'un ministêre de l'énergie ayant pour tâche principale la planification de l'énergie et la formulation de politiques. Los recientes aumentos de los precios de energía resaltan la importancia de un enfoque integral en la planificación del sector de energía, en contraste a la practice generalizada de la planificación por subsectores de energía. La Planificación Energética Nacional Integrada (PENI) requiere una clara definición de objetivos nacionales en relación a los cuales pueden analizarse las relaciones entre el sector de energía y el resto de la economía, las inter‐acciones entre los subsectores de energía y las actividades dentro de cada subsector. Las herramientas de política para alcanzar objetivos nacionales incluyen controles físicos, métodos técnicos, educación y propaganda, y precios. El procesco de PENI, que da como resultado un Plan Maestro de Energia, comprende varias etapas: determinación de las condiciones socioeconómicas, análisis de la demanda y la oferta, balance energético, y formulación de políticas. Al comienzo la PENI puede llevarse a cabo a un nivel relativamente simple; luego, cuando la información y la capacidad analítica mejoran se pueden implementar técnícas de modelización a base de computadoras. El marco institucional debe racionalizarse mediante la creación de una autoridad energética central o ministro de energía, encargado en particular de la formulación de políticas y la planificación energéticas.

Suggested Citation

  • Mohan Munasinghe, 1980. "Integrated National Energy Planning (Inep) In Developing Countries," Natural Resources Forum, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 4(4), pages 359-373, October.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:natres:v:4:y:1980:i:4:p:359-373
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1477-8947.1980.tb00996.x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mohan Munasinghe, 1980. "An Integrated Framework for Energy Pricing in Developing Countries," The Energy Journal, International Association for Energy Economics, vol. 0(Number 3), pages 1-30.
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    1. Mohan Munasinghe, 1986. "Practical Application of Integrated National Energy Planning (INEP) Using Microcomputers," Natural Resources Forum, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 10(1), pages 17-38, February.

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