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Compassion fatigue, burnout, compassion satisfaction and perceived stress in healthcare professionals during the COVID‐19 health crisis in Spain

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  • María Dolores Ruiz‐Fernández
  • Juan Diego Ramos‐Pichardo
  • Olivia Ibáñez‐Masero
  • José Cabrera‐Troya
  • María Inés Carmona‐Rega
  • Ángela María Ortega‐Galán

Abstract

Aims and objectives To evaluate compassion fatigue (CF), burnout (BO), compassion satisfaction (CS) and perceived stress in healthcare professionals during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) health crisis in Spain. Background Spain has been one of the countries hardest hit by the health crisis caused by the COVID‐19 pandemic. Healthcare professionals have had to deal with traumatic and complex situations in the work context. In these particularly stressful situations, many professionals may develop CF or BO, which puts them at risk for mental health problems. Design Cross‐sectional online survey. Methods A total of 506 healthcare professionals (physicians and nurses) who were working in healthcare centres during the COVID‐19 pandemic participated. CF, CS and BO were assessed with the Professional Quality of Life Questionnaire, and perceived stress was measured with the Perceived Stress Scale‐14. Socio‐demographic and occupational variables were also analysed. Data were collected during the period of the highest incidence of cases and highest mortality rates due to COVID‐19 in Spain. This article adheres to the STROBE guidelines for the reporting of observational studies. Results Physicians had higher CF and BO scores, while nurses had higher CS scores. Perceived stress scores were similar in both occupations. Professionals working in specific COVID‐19 units and in emergency departments had higher CF and BO scores, while levels of CS and perceived stress were similar regardless of the workplace. Relevance to clinical practice Despite the health crisis situation and its implications for healthcare professionals, the levels of CF and BO have remained moderate/high. However, CS seems to be increasing, especially among nurses, possibly due to their motivation to relieve suffering and due to their perceived social recognition. It is necessary to implement interventions that help improve CS and prevent BO and CF among professionals in the long term.

Suggested Citation

  • María Dolores Ruiz‐Fernández & Juan Diego Ramos‐Pichardo & Olivia Ibáñez‐Masero & José Cabrera‐Troya & María Inés Carmona‐Rega & Ángela María Ortega‐Galán, 2020. "Compassion fatigue, burnout, compassion satisfaction and perceived stress in healthcare professionals during the COVID‐19 health crisis in Spain," Journal of Clinical Nursing, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 29(21-22), pages 4321-4330, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:jocnur:v:29:y:2020:i:21-22:p:4321-4330
    DOI: 10.1111/jocn.15469
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Hugo Rodrigues & Ricardo Cobucci & Antônio Oliveira & João Victor Cabral & Leany Medeiros & Karen Gurgel & Tházio Souza & Ana Katherine Gonçalves, 2018. "Burnout syndrome among medical residents: A systematic review and meta-analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(11), pages 1-17, November.
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    3. Anna GW Nolte & Charlene Downing & Annie Temane & Marie Hastings‐Tolsma, 2017. "Compassion fatigue in nurses: A metasynthesis," Journal of Clinical Nursing, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 26(23-24), pages 4364-4378, December.
    4. Paul Crawford & Brian Brown & Marit Kvangarsnes & Paul Gilbert, 2014. "The design of compassionate care," Journal of Clinical Nursing, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 23(23-24), pages 3589-3599, December.
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