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Vaccination timeliness in preterm infants: An integrative review of the literature

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  • Helen Sisson
  • Eric Gardiner
  • Roger Watson

Abstract

Aims and objectives To take a systematic approach to reviewing the scientific literature examining the timeliness of vaccination in preterm infants and to identify any factors associated with timeliness. Background Preterm infants are vulnerable to infection and guidance advocates they are vaccinated in accordance with their full‐term peers. Vaccination is well tolerated and protective immune responses are observed, yet some early enquiries suggest that preterm infants experience unwarranted delays. The recent surge in pertussis cases and the increase in vaccinations administered make this a topic requiring further exploration. Design An integrative review of the empirical literature. Methods Studies were identified following a search of Medline, Academic Search Premier, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature. The review methods used were influenced by a narrative synthesis approach. The retrieval of papers adhered to recognised reporting standards. Results Fourteen studies were identified, which indicated that infants with the lowest gestational ages and birthweights experience the greatest delays. Vaccination timeliness is influenced by hospitalisation and increased postdischarge follow‐up. There was a lack of consensus to indicate that parental socio‐economic status and level of education were indicators for a delay. The studies propose that many delays are unjustified and not according to genuine contraindications. Conclusion This review indicates that preterm infants are not vaccinated in a timely manner. Those involved in vaccinating preterm infants must be informed of the genuine contraindications to avoid unnecessary delays putting preterm infants at an increased risk of infection. Relevance to clinical practice Care providers should acknowledge the risk of a delay in preterm infants and actively promote vaccination in this population. Regular training should help to negate the occurrence of inappropriate delays, and careful discharge planning is needed to ensure that preterm infants are vaccinated on time.

Suggested Citation

  • Helen Sisson & Eric Gardiner & Roger Watson, 2017. "Vaccination timeliness in preterm infants: An integrative review of the literature," Journal of Clinical Nursing, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 26(23-24), pages 4094-4104, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:jocnur:v:26:y:2017:i:23-24:p:4094-4104
    DOI: 10.1111/jocn.13916
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    1. Editors The, 2009. "Content," Basic Income Studies, De Gruyter, vol. 4(1), pages 1-1, August.
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