Electrical Fire Dynamic Risk Assessment for High‐Rise Buildings Based on Variable Fuzzy Set Theory and Bayesian Network

High‐rise buildings fires are far more harmful than ordinary fires. In this regard, fire risk assessment is an important way to control fire risk and reduce losses. This study presents a comprehensive model to electrical fire dynamic risk assessment of high‐rise buildings based on a Bayesian network (BN) and a variable fuzzy set theory (VFST). Firstly, electric system, safety management, and other factors were comprehensively analyzed based on three categories: hazard sources identification (HSI), fault tree (FT) analysis, and VFST. A high‐rise building electrical fire dynamic risk assessment model was established based on a BN. Secondly, the prior probability of BN root nodes was determined by VFST, and the conditional probability table (CPT) was determined by the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and decomposition method. On that basis, the quantitative inference and sensitivity analysis can be performed on the electrical fire risks of high‐rise buildings in combination with the variable fuzzy Bayesian network (VFBN) inference. Finally, a high‐rise building in Wuhan, China, was used as an example for verification. The results show that the proposed method can realize dynamic risk assessment of electrical fires in high‐rise buildings. This study provides a new method for fire risk assessment of high‐rise buildings to reduce the possibility of fire.