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Evidence of Manager Intervention to Avoid Working Capital Deficits

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  • Scott D. Dyreng
  • William J. Mayew
  • Katherine Schipper

Abstract

We study managers’ interventions in financial reporting by examining working capital deficits, measured as current ratios less than 1.0. Current ratios represent important balance sheet liquidity indicators to lenders and creditors, and have an identifiable and naturally occurring reference point at 1.0, analogous to the profit/loss income statement reference point. We find that distributions of reported current ratios of both U.S. and non†U.S. firms exhibit a discontinuity at 1.0. For U.S. firms, we find that the discontinuity increases with exogenous increases in the cost of credit in the economy, and that determinants of the likelihood to achieve a given current ratio are diagnostic precisely at the 1.0 discontinuity location but not at other nearby locations in the current ratio distribution. U.S. firms that avoid working capital deficits report lower proportions of inventory and higher proportions of accounts receivable in current assets and, when credit is tight, higher proportions of cash, consistent with managers increasing sales volume so as to capitalize profit margins and thereby increase current assets. For non†U.S. firms, the discontinuity is more pronounced for observations from common law countries, a proxy for jurisdictions where financial reports are more intended to provide decision†useful information. The evidence suggests that managers intervene to achieve a balance sheet reporting objective that stems from stakeholder use of reference points.Les auteurs s'intéressent aux interventions des gestionnaires dans la publication de l'information financière en étudiant les déficits de fonds de roulement qu'ils associent aux ratios de liquidité générale inférieurs à 1.0. Les ratios de liquidité générale sont des indicateurs de liquidité tirés du bilan auxquels les bailleurs de fonds et les créanciers attachent de l'importance ; ils présentent un point de référence défini et naturel de 1.0 qui s'apparente au point de référence des profits et pertes de l’état des résultats. Les auteurs constatent que les distributions des ratios de liquidité générale dont font état les sociétés américaines et étrangères affichent une discontinuité au point 1.0. Dans le cas des sociétés américaines, ils observent que la discontinuité s'accroît avec les hausses exogènes du coût économique du crédit, et que les déterminants de la probabilité d'atteindre un ratio de liquidité générale donné font office de diagnostic précisément au point de discontinuité de 1.0 mais non aux autres points à proximité de 1.0 dans la distribution des ratios de liquidité générale. Dans leur actif à court terme, les sociétés américaines qui évitent les déficits de fonds de roulement font état de proportions plus faibles de stocks et de proportions plus élevées de comptes clients et, lorsque les conditions de crédit se resserrent, de proportions plus élevées de trésorerie, ce qui confirme que les gestionnaires augmentent le volume de ventes de manière à capitaliser les marges bénéficiaires et augmenter ainsi l'actif à court terme. Dans le cas des sociétés étrangères, la discontinuité est plus marquée pour les observations provenant de pays assujettis au régime de la common law, une variable de substitution pour les États où les rapports financiers visent davantage à fournir de l'information utile à la prise de décisions. Les données recueillies laissent croire que les gestionnaires agissent de manière à atteindre un objectif, quant à l'information présentée au bilan, dérivé de l'utilisation des points de référence par les parties prenantes.

Suggested Citation

  • Scott D. Dyreng & William J. Mayew & Katherine Schipper, 2017. "Evidence of Manager Intervention to Avoid Working Capital Deficits," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 34(2), pages 697-725, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:coacre:v:34:y:2017:i:2:p:697-725
    DOI: 10.1111/1911-3846.12291
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    Cited by:

    1. Kinga-Erzsébet Bakó & à rpád-Zoltán Fülöp & Alina STANCIU, 2021. "ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL STABILITY FOR WATER and WASTEWATER OPERATORS IN ROMANIA," Annals of Faculty of Economics, University of Oradea, Faculty of Economics, vol. 30(2), pages 19-25, December.
    2. Byzalov, Dmitri & Basu, Sudipta, 2019. "Modeling the determinants of meet-or-just-beat behavior in distribution discontinuity tests," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 68(2).

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