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Economic Gender Gap: Which Countries Are Falling Behind?

Author

Listed:
  • Samuel Medina-Claros
  • Francisca García-Pardo
  • Salvador Pérez-Moreno
  • Elena Bárcena-Martín

Abstract

Economic parity continues to be one of the main challenges to achieving gender equality worldwide, even though disparities between countries in the economic gender gap are frequently neglected. In this paper, we use a fuzzy logic approach to measure the extent to which countries are narrowing this gap. Specifically, we evaluate the degree to which 110 countries evolved from 2006 to 2019 in each of the three dimensions of the World Economic Forum’s Economic Participation and Opportunity Index (remuneration, participation and advancement). We focus on which countries have been left behind and to what extent they have pulled away from the rest. The findings reveal that differences across countries in advancement gender gaps are more evident than in the other dimensions. Moreover, while there are signs of convergence in the closure of the gender gaps in remuneration, we do not find such evidence for the advancement and participation gender gaps. Key words: Economic gender gap, Fuzzy approach, “Leaving no one behind”. JEL: C02, J16, O57.

Suggested Citation

  • Samuel Medina-Claros & Francisca García-Pardo & Salvador Pérez-Moreno & Elena Bárcena-Martín, 2021. "Economic Gender Gap: Which Countries Are Falling Behind?," Panoeconomicus, Savez ekonomista Vojvodine, Novi Sad, Serbia, vol. 68(2), pages 213-230.
    • Handle: RePEc:voj:journl:v:68:y:2021:i:2:p:213-230:id:1454
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Economic gender gap; Fuzzy approach; “Leaving no one behind”;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C02 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - General - - - Mathematical Economics
    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • O57 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Comparative Studies of Countries

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