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Are PIIGS so Different? An Empirical Analysis of Demand and Supply Shocks

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  • Irina Syssoyeva-Masson
  • João Sousa Andrade

Abstract

This paper analyses responses to supply and demand shocks in PIIGS countries. We compare the results obtained for PIIGS with those of Germany and the USA, and also with those of France, which despite its government’s efforts demonstrate relatively poor recent economic performance. The main objective of this paper is to establish whether it is still reasonable to consider PIIGS as a group apart. Our methodological strategy is based on the Okun Law (OL) which is incorporated in a Structural Vector Autoregression (SVAR) model with Blanchard-Quah (BQ) restrictions. We address two drawbacks that usually present in the OL: the interdependency problem and the non-stationarity problem. By using a non-parametric representation of OL, we identify the heterogeneity between countries. We build stable VAR models for each of the economies and use the BQ SVAR impulses to analyse the importance of contemporary and long-run effects of supply and demand shocks. The main conclusion of this paper is that it does not make any sense today to identify PIIGS as a separate group. Additionally, a country that stands out from our analysis is France. The question can thus be posed that if “PIIGS” signifies “countries with poor economic performances” then should not France also belong to this group? Key words: Okun Law, Non-parametric representation, Stationarity, SVAR, Stability, Impulses.JEL: C32, C51, E24, J21. U radu se analiziraju reakcije na šokove ponude i tražnje u zemljama PIIGS. Poredimo rezultate dobijene za PIIGS sa onim za Nemačku i SAD, kao i sa rezultatima za Francusku, koji uprkos naporima njihove vlade pokazuju relativno loše ekonomske performanse. Glavni cilj rada je da se utvrdi da li je još uvek razumno da se PIIGS razmatraju kao odvojena grupa. Naša metodološka strategija je zasnovana na Okunovom zakonu (OL) koji je inkorporiran u strukturnom vektorskom autoregresionom modelu (SVAR) sa Blanchard-Quah (BQ) ograničenjima. Mi ukazujemo na dva nedostatka koja su obično prisutna u Okunovom zakonu: problem međuzavisnosti i problem nestacionarnosti. Upotrebom neparametarske reprezentacije Okunovog zakona, identifikujemo heterogenost između zemalja. Formiramo stabilne VAR modele za svaku od ekonomija i koristimo BQ SVAR impulse da analiziramo značaj savremenih i dugoročnih efekata šokova ponude i tražnje. Ključni zaključak rada je da danas nema nikakvog smisla da se PIIGS identifikuje kao posebna grupa. Osim toga, zemlja koja se izdvaja iz naše analize je Francuska. Pitanje koje se može postaviti je da ako “PIIGS”označava “zemlje sa slabim ekonomskim performansama”, zar ne bi Francuska takođe trebala da pripada ovoj grupi? Ključne reči: Okunov zakon, neparametarska reprezentacija, stacionarnost, SVAR, stabilnost, impulsi. Iako slične strukturalne karakteristike koje smanjuju pojavu i učestalost asimetričnih šokova predstavljaju ključni uslov za stvaranje monetarne unije, u slučaju Evrozone, u većini studija, ako ne i svim, naglašava se postojanje značajne divergencije u makroekonomskim performansama i u strukturalnim elementima zemalja Evrozone. Rad ima za cilj da analizira da li je ekonomska i finansijska kriza koja pogađa Evrozonu od 2008. godine imala uticaja na koherentnost Evrozone, odnosno, da li nakon 2008. godine razlike u makroekonomskim performansama zemalja Evrozone opadaju (konvergencija) ili se povećavaju (divergencija).Ključne reči: Ekonomska kriza, Evrozona, konvergencija, sigma-konvergencija.

Suggested Citation

  • Irina Syssoyeva-Masson & João Sousa Andrade, 2017. "Are PIIGS so Different? An Empirical Analysis of Demand and Supply Shocks," Panoeconomicus, Savez ekonomista Vojvodine, Novi Sad, Serbia, vol. 64(2), pages 189-222.
  • Handle: RePEc:voj:journl:v:64:y:2017:i:2:p:189-222:id:378
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Okun Law; Non-parametric representation; Stationarity; SVAR; Stability; Impulses;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C32 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes; State Space Models
    • C51 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Model Construction and Estimation
    • E24 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Employment; Unemployment; Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution; Aggregate Human Capital; Aggregate Labor Productivity
    • J21 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure

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