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Monetary Policy and Redistribution in Open Economies

Author

Listed:
  • Xing Guo
  • Pablo Ottonello
  • Diego J. Perez

Abstract

This paper develops an open-economy heterogeneous-agent New Keynesian model in which households differ in their income, wealth, and real and financial integration with international markets. We use the model to reassess classic questions in international macroeconomics from a distributional perspective. Our analysis yields two main takeaways. First, heterogeneity in households’ international integration plays a central role in driving the unequal consumption responses to external shocks, more so than income and wealth. Second, the conduct of monetary policy in open economies faces a stabilization-inequality trade-off, with fixed exchange rate regimes leading to amplified but more equal consumption responses to external shocks.

Suggested Citation

  • Xing Guo & Pablo Ottonello & Diego J. Perez, 2023. "Monetary Policy and Redistribution in Open Economies," Journal of Political Economy Macroeconomics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 1(1), pages 191-241.
    • Handle: RePEc:ucp:jpemac:doi:10.1086/723410
    DOI: 10.1086/723410
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    Cited by:

    1. Stein, Hillary, 2025. "Got milk? The effect of export price shocks on exchange rates," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 155(C).
    2. Hong, Seungki, 2023. "MPCs in an emerging economy: Evidence from Peru," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 140(C).
    3. Marco Bellifemine & Adrien Couturier & Rustam Jamilov, 2022. "The Regional Keynesian Cross," Economics Series Working Papers 995, University of Oxford, Department of Economics.
    4. Acharya, Sushant & Challe, Edouard, 2025. "Reprint of: Inequality and optimal monetary policy in the open economy," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 156(C).
    5. Panagiotis Bouras & Joaquín Saldain & Xing Guo & Thomas Michael Pugh & Maria teNyenhuis, 2024. "Impacts of interest rate hikes on the consumption of households with a mortgage," Staff Analytical Notes 2024-14, Bank of Canada.
    6. Oskolkov, Aleksei, 2023. "Exchange rate policy and heterogeneity in small open economies," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 142(C).
    7. Acharya, Sushant & Challe, Edouard, 2025. "Inequality and optimal monetary policy in the open economy," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 155(C).
    8. Bayer, Christian & Kriwoluzky, Alexander & Müller, Gernot J. & Seyrich, Fabian, 2024. "A HANK2 model of monetary unions," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 147(S).
    9. Oleg Itskhoki & Dmitry Mukhin, 2022. "Sanctions and the Exchange Rate," Intereconomics: Review of European Economic Policy, Springer;ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics;Centre for European Policy Studies (CEPS), vol. 57(3), pages 148-151, May.
    10. Jiang, Zhe (Jasmine), 2023. "‘Multinational Firms’ Sourcing Decisions and Wage Inequality: A Dynamic Analysis," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 146(C).
    11. Albin Salmon & Vincent Fleuriet & Paul Vertier, 2025. "Currency Crises and Malnutrition," Working papers 1003, Banque de France.
    12. Zarazúa Juárez, Carlos Alberto, 2023. "Understanding the natural rate of interest for a small open economy," Latin American Journal of Central Banking (previously Monetaria), Elsevier, vol. 4(3).
    13. Xiaoshan Chen & Spyridon Lazarakis & Petros Varthalitis, 2023. "Debt targets and fiscal consolidation in a two-country HANK model for the Euro Area," Working Papers 374162075, Lancaster University Management School, Economics Department.
    14. Hu, Ruiyang & Wang, Jian & Yang, Yibai & Zheng, Zhijie, 2024. "Inflation and income inequality in an open-economy growth model with liquidity constraints on R&D," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 147(C).
    15. Bobasu, Alina & Dobrew, Michael & Repele, Amalia, 2025. "Energy price shocks, monetary policy and inequality," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 175(C).
    16. Fabio Ghironi & Daisoon Kim & Galip Kemal Ozhan, 2024. "International Economic Sanctions and Third-Country Effects," IMF Economic Review, Palgrave Macmillan;International Monetary Fund, vol. 72(2), pages 611-652, June.
    17. Chen, Sihao & Devereux, Michael B. & Shi, Kang & Xu, Juanyi, 2023. "Consumption heterogeneity and monetary policy in an open economy," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 140(C), pages 1-15.
    18. Boehnert, Lukas & de Ferra, Sergio & Mitman, Kurt & Romei, Federica, 2025. "Monetary Policy in Currency Unions with Unequal Countries," IZA Discussion Papers 17950, IZA Network @ LISER.
    19. Xiaoshan Chen & Spyridon Lazarakis & Petros Varthalitis, 2023. "Debt targets and fiscal consolidation in a two country HANK model: the case of Euro Area," Department of Economics Working Papers 2023_02, Durham University, Department of Economics.
    20. Marco Bellifemine & Adrien Couturier & Rustam Jamilov, 2023. "The Regional Keynesian Cross," Discussion Papers 2311, Centre for Macroeconomics (CFM).
    21. Alali, Walid Y. & Alali, Haider, 2023. "The Russia Economic Sanctions Impact World Economy," EconStor Preprints 280740, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics.
    22. Javier Bianchi & Louphou Coulibaly, 2021. "Liquidity Traps, Prudential Policies, and International Spillovers," Working Papers 780, Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis.
    23. Platonov, Konstantin, 2024. "Confidence spillovers, financial contagion, and stagnation," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 148(C).

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • E32 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Business Fluctuations; Cycles
    • E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy
    • F41 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - Open Economy Macroeconomics
    • F44 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - International Business Cycles

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