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Clean Water and Infant Health: Evidence from Piped Water Provision in China

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  • Maoyong Fan
  • Guojun He

Abstract

We examine the impact of clean drinking water on infant mortality in China using a novel instrumental variable: the least-cost distance of piped water infrastructure between water sources and infant mortality surveillance areas. We find that the provision of piped water significantly decreases infant mortality, with a 10 percentage point increase in piped water coverage reducing infant mortality by 15%. Compared with regions with highly polluted surface waters, access to piped water is particularly beneficial in regions with slightly polluted surface waters, in which the pollution is difficult to observe. A simple cost-benefit analysis indicates that the benefits of piped water provision in rural China significantly outweigh the estimated costs.

Suggested Citation

  • Maoyong Fan & Guojun He, 2023. "Clean Water and Infant Health: Evidence from Piped Water Provision in China," Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, University of Chicago Press, vol. 10(1), pages 159-193.
    • Handle: RePEc:ucp:jaerec:doi:10.1086/721418
    DOI: 10.1086/721418
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    Cited by:

    1. Suchita Srinivasan, 2023. "Social Policies and Adaptation to Extreme Weather: Evidence from South Africa," CER-ETH Economics working paper series 23/381, CER-ETH - Center of Economic Research (CER-ETH) at ETH Zurich.
    2. Chen, Yulong, 2024. "Early exposure to air pollution and cognitive development later in life: Evidence from China," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 83(C).
    3. Wenjie Luo & Xunyong Xiang, 2024. "Unsynchronised Legislation and Unintended Pollution: Estimating Regulation-Induced Substitution in China," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 87(3), pages 731-760, March.
    4. Zhu, Lin & Liao, Hua & Burke, Paul J., 2023. "Household fuel transitions have substantially contributed to child mortality reductions in China," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 164(C).

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