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Comparative Macroeconomic Analysis Of Inflation In Uzbekistan And The United States

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  • Khayirbaeva Balzira Parakhat qizi
  • Sarsenbaev Bakhitjan Abdulgazievich

Abstract

This study provides a detailed comparative analysis of inflation dynamics in Uzbekistan and the United Statesover 2017–2025. It examines consumer price inflation rates, consumer price index trajectories, and inflation volatility,while identifying key macroeconomic drivers and monetary policy frameworks in both countries. Inflation in Uzbekistanremained at double-digit levels for most of the period, peaking at around 17.5 percent in 2018 and moderating to below10 percent by 2024. In contrast, inflation in the United States was historically low prior to a sharp increase to about 8percent in 2022, followed by a decline toward approximately 3 percent by 2024. The study discusses the role of structuralreforms in Uzbekistan and pandemic-era supply shocks in the United States in shaping these trends. It also contraststhe monetary regimes, highlighting the Federal Reserve’s dual mandate with a 2 percent inflation target and the CentralBank of Uzbekistan’s explicit 5 percent inflation target within a formal inflation-targeting framework introduced in 2020.The findings indicate that inflation in Uzbekistan was significantly higher and more volatile than in the United States,reflecting differences in economic structure and policy orientation. Policy implications for Uzbekistan emphasize theimportance of maintaining tight monetary policy, ensuring fiscal discipline, and continuing structural reforms to anchorinflation expectations.

Suggested Citation

  • Khayirbaeva Balzira Parakhat qizi & Sarsenbaev Bakhitjan Abdulgazievich, 2025. "Comparative Macroeconomic Analysis Of Inflation In Uzbekistan And The United States," GREEN ECONOMY AND DEVELOPMENT, "Ma'rifat-Print-Media" LLC, Tashkent State University of Economics, vol. 3, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:teu:ged000:v:3:y:2025:id:8568
    DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18103799
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Günes Kamber & Madhusudan Mohanty & James Morley, 2020. "What drives inflation in advanced and emerging market economies?," BIS Papers chapters, in: Bank for International Settlements (ed.), Inflation dynamics in Asia and the Pacific, volume 111, pages 21-36, Bank for International Settlements.
    2. Inogamov, Samigjon & Leon-Gonzalez, Roberto, 2024. "Inflation comovement in emerging economies: The facts and impact of global prices," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 94(C).
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