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Opportunities and Issues in Using HMDA Data

Author

Listed:
  • Robert Avery
  • Kenneth Brevoort
  • Glenn Canner

Abstract

Since 1975, the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) has required most mortgage lending institutions to disclose to the public information about the home loans they originate or purchase during a calendar year. In using these data, however, researchers need to be aware of a number of issues and potential problems that characterize HMDA. This article provides a comprehensive enumeration of these issues, focusing on practical problems that can potentially influence choices researchers make in using the data or in interpreting the findings. The article also includes an illustrative example of how the data that is reported in HMDA can be used to gain a better understanding of trends and practices in the home mortgage market.

Suggested Citation

  • Robert Avery & Kenneth Brevoort & Glenn Canner, 2007. "Opportunities and Issues in Using HMDA Data," Journal of Real Estate Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 29(4), pages 351-380, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:rjerxx:v:29:y:2007:i:4:p:351-380
    DOI: 10.1080/10835547.2007.12091206
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    1. repec:mth:ifb888:v:4:y:2017:i:1:p:121-144 is not listed on IDEAS
    2. Hongyan Liang, 2026. "Exploring Gender and Racial Disparities in Mortgage Pricing: A Comprehensive Analysis of Risk-Based Lending Practices," GATR Journals gjbssr673, Global Academy of Training and Research (GATR) Enterprise.
    3. Ryan, Alexander, 2025. "Financial Risks in Flooding: Bank Response to Climate-Induced Natural Disasters," 2025 AAEA & WAEA Joint Annual Meeting, July 27-29, 2025, Denver, CO 360730, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    4. J. W. Andrew Ranson & Ashley N. Arnio & Eric P. Baumer, 2019. "Extending Research on Neighborhoods and Crime: An Examination of Mortgage Fraud across Chicago Census Tracts," Journal of Quantitative Criminology, Springer, vol. 35(3), pages 465-491, September.
    5. Eglė Jakučionytė & Swapnil Singh, 2023. "Emergence of subprime lending in minority neighborhoods," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 51(6), pages 1547-1583, November.
    6. Andrew Haughwout & Donald Morgan & Michael Neubauer & Maxim Pinkovskiy & Wilbert Van Der Klaauw, 2026. "Nonconforming Preferences: Jumbo Mortgage Lending and Large Bank Stress Tests," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 58(2), pages 471-495, March.
    7. Robert Clark & Hui Wang & Victor Aguirregabiria, 2017. "The Geographic Flow Of Bank Funding And Access To Credit: Branch Networks And Local-market Competition," Working Paper 1402, Economics Department, Queen's University.
    8. Mitra, Aruni & Wei, Mengying, 2025. "Long shadow of the U.S. mortgage expansion: Evidence from local labour markets," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 172(C).

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