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Ethnic and regional determinants of unemployment in the Israeli labour market: A multilevel model

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  • Nabil Khattab

Abstract

Khattab N. (2006) Ethnic and regional determinants of unemployment in the Israeli labour market: a multilevel model, Regional Studies 40, 93-105. Previous studies have revealed mixed results regarding the influence of the local labour market on ethnic differences in unemployment. Using data from the 1995 Israeli census, this study aimed to examine the relative influence of individual and spatial factors in determining the risk of employment among men aged 20-64 in Israel. Five ethnic groups are compared: Ashkenazi Jews, Sephardi Jews, Muslims, Christians and Druze. The data used consist of two levels: (1) worker level with information on education, ethnicity, class, marital status, immigration status and age (n = 193 269); and (2) locality level with information on employment opportunities and new immigrants ( J = 190). The data were analysed using a multilevel analysis technique (HLM - Bernoulli model). The evidence from the 1995 population census indicates that the risk of unemployment is a product of individual and contextual influences. Individual characteristics (ethnicity and class) and place of residence appear to determine the chances of employment. The enclave effect and the relationship between ethnicity and class are also discussed. Ethnicity; Unemployment; Palestinians; Multilevel analysis; Labour market Khattab N. (2006) Les determinants ethniques et regionaux du chomage en Israel: un modele a plusieurs niveaux, Regional Studies 40, 93-105. Des etudes anterieures ont produit divers resultats quant a l'influence du marche du travail local sur les caracteristiques ethniques du chomage. A partir des donnees provenant du recensement de la population israelien de 1995, cette etude cherche a etudier l'influence relative des facteurs individuels et geographiques dans la determination de l'employabilite des hommes ages de 20 a 64 ans en Israel. On compare cinq groupes ethniques: les juifs ashkenases, les juifs sefarades, les musulmans, les chretiens et les druzes. On a employe des donnees a deux niveaux: (1) au niveau du travail, avec de l'information sur l'education, l'origine ethnique, la classe, la situation de famille, le code de la nationalite, et l'age (n = 193,269); et (2) au niveau local, avec de l'information sur les possibilites d'emploi et les immigres nouvellement arrives ( J = 190). On a analyse les donnees a partir d'une analyse a plusieurs niveaux (HLM - le modele Bernoulli). Les resultats du recensement de la population de 1995 indiquent que la vulnerabilite est un produit des influences individuelles et contextuelles. Des caracteristiques individuelles (origine ethnique et classe) et le lieu de residence semblent influer sur l'employabilite. On discute aussi de l'effet d'enclavement et du rapport entre l'origine ethnique et la classe. Origine ethnique; Chomage; Palestiniens; Analyse a plusieurs niveaux; Marche du travail Khattab N. (2006) Ethnische und regionale Bestimmungsfaktoren der Erwerbslosigkeit auf dem israelischen Arbeitsmarkt: ein Multiebenenmodell, Regional Studies 40, 93-105. Fruhere Studien haben gemischte Ergebnisse bezuglich Einfluss des ortlichen Arbeitsmarktes auf ethnische Unterschiede in der Erwerbslosigkeit gezeitigt. Mit Hilfe von Daten der israelischen Volkszahlung vom Jahre 1995 zielte diese Studie darauf hin, den relativen Einfluss individueller und raumlicher Faktoren bei der Bestimmung des Risikos zu untersuchen, soweit er Manner in Alter von 20-64 Jahren in Israel betrifft. Es werden funf ethnische Gruppen verglichen: Ashkenaze Juden, Sephardi Juden, Moslime, Christen und Drusen. Die hier benutzten Daten betreffen zwei Ebenen: (1) Erwerbstatigenebene mit Angaben bezuglich Vorbildung, Ethnizitat, gesellschaftliche Klasse, Familienstand, Einwandererstatus und Alter (n = 193 269) und (2) Ortsebene mit Daten betreff Erwerbstatigkeitsmoglichkeiten und Neueinwanderer ( J = 190). Diese Daten werden mit Hilfe einer Mehrfachebenen-Analysentechnik untersucht (HLM = Bernoullische Modell). Die Beweise von der Volkszahlung des Jahres 1995 lassen erkennen, dass das Risiko der Erwerbslosigkeit ein Ergebnis individueller und aus den Zusammenhang ersichtlicher Einflusse ist. Individuelle Eigenschaften (Ethnizitat und Gesellschaftsklasse) sowie Wohnort scheinen die Wahrscheinlichkeit einer Erwerbstatigkeit zu bestimmen. Es werden auch Enklavenwirkung und das Verhaltnis zwischen Ethnizitat und Gesellschaftsklassen besprochen. Ethnizitat; Erwerbslosigkeit; Palestinienser; Multiebenenanalyse; Arbeitsmarkt Khattab N. (2006) Factores etnicos y regionales para el desempleo en el mercado laboral de Israel: un modelo de varios niveles, Regional Studies 40, 93-105. En estudios anteriores se han observado resultados ambivalentes con respecto a la influencia que tiene el mercado laboral a nivel local en la relacion etnia-paro. Utilizando datos del censo israeli de 1995, con este estudio intento analizar cual es la influencia relativa de factores individuales y espaciales para determinar el riesgo de paro en Israel entre un grupo de hombres con edades comprendidas entre los 20 y 64 anos. He comparado cinco grupos etnicos: judios asquenazies, judios sefardies, musulmanes, cristianos y drusos. Los datos recogidos constan de dos niveles: (1) nivel de trabajador con informacion sobre educacion, etnia, clase, estado civil, estado de inmigracion y edad (n = 193 269); y (2) nivel de localidad con informacion sobre oportunidades de trabajo y sobre los nuevos inmigrantes ( J = 190). Los datos se analizaron usando una tecnica de analisis de varios niveles (HLM - Modelo Bernoulli). Los datos del censo de poblacion de 1995 indican que el riesgo de desempleo depende de factores individuales y contextuales. Las caracteristicas individuales (etnia y clase) y el lugar de residencia parecen determinar las posibilidades de trabajo. Tambien se analizan el 'efecto enclave' y las relaciones entre etnia y clase. Etnia; Desempleo; Palestino; Analisis de varios niveles; Mercado laboral

Suggested Citation

  • Nabil Khattab, 2006. "Ethnic and regional determinants of unemployment in the Israeli labour market: A multilevel model," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 40(1), pages 93-105.
  • Handle: RePEc:taf:regstd:v:40:y:2006:i:1:p:93-105
    DOI: 10.1080/00343400500450083
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    Cited by:

    1. Sahin, Mediha & Rietdijk, Marius & Nijkamp, Peter, 2006. "Ethnic employees’ behaviour vis-a-vis customers in the service sector," Serie Research Memoranda 0002, VU University Amsterdam, Faculty of Economics, Business Administration and Econometrics.
    2. Ali Fakih & Nathir Haimoun & Mohamad Kassem, 2020. "Youth Unemployment, Gender and Institutions During Transition: Evidence from the Arab Spring," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 150(1), pages 311-336, July.
    3. Edmund J. Zolnik, 2011. "The Geographic Distribution of U.S. Unemployment by Gender," Economic Development Quarterly, , vol. 25(1), pages 91-103, February.

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