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Black Employment, Segregation, and the Social Organization of Metropolitan Labor Markets

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  • Niki T. Dickerson

Abstract

This broad analysis of the employment of blacks in metropolitan areas examines the role of residential segregation in comparison with four other key structural explanations for racial metropolitan inequality: industrial composition, minority concentration, immigration, and the racial disparity in skills. The goal of the analysis was to determine whether the spatial configuration of blacks relative to whites in a metropolitan area influences the employment rates of black men and black women in the context of the structural conditions of the local labor market. The study expanded the analysis of space and work beyond an emphasis on the physical distance between black communities and jobs to a broader conceptualization of residential segregation as a structural feature of the entire metropolitan labor market that is representative of its social organization with regard to race. Using a longitudinal data set of the structural characteristics of the 95 largest U.S. cities from the 1980, 1990, and 2000 decennial censuses, the study used a cross-sectional analysis of the cities in 2000 and a fixed-effects analysis to assess the impact of five dimensions of residential segregation and the four other structural factors on the employment of blacks across different labor markets and across time within each labor market. The results revealed that when the other structural characteristics are controlled, the employment rates of blacks are lower in more segregated cities and decrease as cities become more segregated over time. The clustering and evenness dimensions of residential segregation were the most determinative of black employment.

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  • Niki T. Dickerson, 2007. "Black Employment, Segregation, and the Social Organization of Metropolitan Labor Markets," Economic Geography, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 83(3), pages 283-307, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:recgxx:v:83:y:2007:i:3:p:283-307
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2007.tb00355.x
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    Cited by:

    1. Borche TRENOVSKI & Kristijan KOZHESKI & Biljana TASHEVSKA & Filip PEOVSKI, 2021. "THE MINIMUM WAGE Impact ON LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY: THE CASE OF SELECTED SEE COUNTRIES," Management Research and Practice, Research Centre in Public Administration and Public Services, Bucharest, Romania, vol. 13(3), pages 32-42, September.
    2. Kalee Burns & Julie L. Hotchkiss, 2019. "Migration Constraints and Disparate Responses to Changing Job Opportunities," FRB Atlanta Working Paper 2019-1, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta.
    3. Kalee Burns & Julie L. Hotchkiss, 2023. "The Role of Social Costs in Response to Labor Market Opportunities: Differences across Race," FRB Atlanta Working Paper 2023-7, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta.
    4. Danlin Yu & Chuanglin Fang, 2022. "How Neighborhood Characteristics Influence Neighborhood Crimes: A Bayesian Hierarchical Spatial Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(18), pages 1-16, September.
    5. repec:fip:a00001:88147 is not listed on IDEAS
    6. Yang, Tse-Chuan & Shoff, Carla & Noah, Aggie J. & Black, Nyesha & Sparks, Corey S., 2014. "Racial segregation and maternal smoking during pregnancy: A multilevel analysis using the racial segregation interaction index," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 107(C), pages 26-36.

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