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Equity dimensions of hazardous waste generation in rapidly industrialising cities along the United States-Mexico border

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  • Francisco Lara-Valencia
  • Sioban Harlow
  • Maria Carmen Lemos
  • Catalina Denman

Abstract

During the last 30 years, researchers and policy analysts have voiced concerns about the potential impact of pollution and hazard generated by foreign-owned manufacturing companies operating in Mexican cities bordering the USA. Despite the salience of the problem, to date, efforts to characterise unequal exposure to hazard in these cities have produced limited and inconclusive evidence. This study examines the relationship between the spatial distribution of hazardous waste generation facilities and socio-economic characteristics of neighbourhoods in the Mexican border city of Nogales. It assembles a geographic information system (GIS) to relate demographic data with an inventory of export-oriented industrial facilities and explores whether there is a spatial correlation between the location of these facilities, different levels of hazard and the neighbourhoods' socio-economic characteristics. In contrast to prevailing environmental justice findings, it is suggested that industry siting is not primarily associated with the location of low socio-economic status neighbourhoods in the city of Nogales. Rather, it shows that the spatial distribution of hazards seems to be influenced mainly by the location and accessibility of urban and transportation infrastructure, suggesting that the environmental equity hypothesis may have to be reframed in the context of rapidly developing urban areas with basic infrastructure deficits.

Suggested Citation

  • Francisco Lara-Valencia & Sioban Harlow & Maria Carmen Lemos & Catalina Denman, 2009. "Equity dimensions of hazardous waste generation in rapidly industrialising cities along the United States-Mexico border," Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 52(2), pages 195-216.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:jenpmg:v:52:y:2009:i:2:p:195-216
    DOI: 10.1080/09640560802666545
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. T. Robert Fetter & Michael Ash, 2002. "Who Lives on the Wrong Side of the Environmental Tracks? Evidence from the EPA's Risk-Screening Environmental Indicators Model," Working Papers wp50, Political Economy Research Institute, University of Massachusetts at Amherst.
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    Cited by:

    1. Lopamudra Chakraborti & Michael Margolis, 2017. "Do industries pollute more in poorer neighborhoods? Evidence from toxic releasing plants in Mexico," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 37(2), pages 853-870.
    2. Kristen Vincent & Robert E Roth & Sarah A Moore & Qunying Huang & Nick Lally & Carl M Sack & Eric Nost & Heather Rosenfeld, 2019. "Improving spatial decision making using interactive maps: An empirical study on interface complexity and decision complexity in the North American hazardous waste trade," Environment and Planning B, , vol. 46(9), pages 1706-1723, November.
    3. Ming Zhao & Qiuwen Chen, 2015. "Risk-based optimization of emergency rescue facilities locations for large-scale environmental accidents to improve urban public safety," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 75(1), pages 163-189, January.

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