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Accounting for financial instruments in the banking industry: conclusions from a simulation model

Author

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  • Gunther Gebhardt
  • Rolf Reichardt
  • Carsten Wittenbrink

Abstract

The paper analyses the effects of three sets of accounting rules for financial instruments - Old IAS before IAS 39 became effective, Current IAS or US GAAP, and the Full Fair Value (FFV) model proposed by the Joint Working Group (JWG) - on the financial statements of banks. We develop a simulation model that captures the essential characteristics of a modern universal bank with investment banking and commercial banking activities. We run simulations for different strategies (fully hedged, partially hedged) using historical data from periods with rising and falling interest rates. We show that under Old IAS a fully hedged bank can portray its zero economic earnings in its financial statements. As Old IAS offer much discretion, this bank may also present income that is either positive or negative. We further show that because of the restrictive hedge accounting rules, banks cannot adequately portray their best-practice risk management activities under Current IAS or US GAAP. We demonstrate that - contrary to assertions from the banking industry - mandatory FFV accounting adequately reflects the economics of banking activities. Our detailed analysis identifies, in addition, several critical issues of the accounting models that have not been covered in previous literature.

Suggested Citation

  • Gunther Gebhardt & Rolf Reichardt & Carsten Wittenbrink, 2004. "Accounting for financial instruments in the banking industry: conclusions from a simulation model," European Accounting Review, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 13(2), pages 341-371.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:euract:v:13:y:2004:i:2:p:341-371
    DOI: 10.1080/0963818042000204733a
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    Cited by:

    1. Bischof, Jannis & Ebert, Michael, 2007. "IAS 39 and biases in the risk perception of financial instruments," Papers 07-73, Sonderforschungsbreich 504.
    2. Bischof, Jannis & Ebert, Michael, 2007. "Inconsistent measurement and disclosure of non-contingent financial derivatives under IFRS: A behavioral perspective," Sonderforschungsbereich 504 Publications 07-02, Sonderforschungsbereich 504, Universität Mannheim;Sonderforschungsbereich 504, University of Mannheim.
    3. Bischof, Jannis & Ebert, Michael, 2007. "Inconsistent measurement and disclosure of non-contingent financial derivatives under IFRS : a behavioral perspective," Papers 07-02, Sonderforschungsbreich 504.
    4. Zamora-Ramírez, Constancio & Morales-Díaz, José, 2018. "The Use of Fair Value Measurement in Financial Reporting: A Literature Review/La Utilización del Valor Razonable en la Contabilidad: Revisión de la Literatura," Estudios de Economia Aplicada, Estudios de Economia Aplicada, vol. 36, pages 489-514, Mayo.
    5. Ken Peasnell, 2006. "Institution-specific value," BIS Working Papers 210, Bank for International Settlements.
    6. Panayotis Manganaris & Jordan Floropoulos & Irini Smaragdi, 2011. "Conservatism and Value Relevance: Evidence from the European Financial Sector," American Journal of Economics and Business Administration, Science Publications, vol. 3(2), pages 259-269, April.
    7. Badreddine Hamdi & Houda Elabidi, 2009. "L'Information Comptable En Juste Valeur : Quelle Utilite Pour Les Investisseurs ?," Post-Print halshs-00459351, HAL.
    8. Bannier, Christina E., 2007. "Smoothing versus timeliness - wann sind stabile Ratings optimal und welche Anforderungen sind an optimale Berichtsregeln zu stellen?," Frankfurt School - Working Paper Series 84, Frankfurt School of Finance and Management.
    9. Julien Clavier, 2011. "Transition aux normes comptables IAS/IFRS, discipline de marché et adéquation des fonds propres aux risques dans l'industrie bancaire européenne," Post-Print hal-00646838, HAL.
    10. Bischof, Jannis & Wüstemann, Jens, 2007. "How does fair value measurement under IAS 39 affect disclosure choices of European banks?," Papers 07-75, Sonderforschungsbreich 504.
    11. Bischof, Jannis & Wüstemann, Jens, 2007. "How Does Fair Value Measurement under IAS 39 Affect Disclosure Choices of European Banks?," Sonderforschungsbereich 504 Publications 07-75, Sonderforschungsbereich 504, Universität Mannheim;Sonderforschungsbereich 504, University of Mannheim.
    12. Mohammad Aladwan, 2018. "Accounting Measurement Revolution and Market Value," Modern Applied Science, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 12(11), pages 279-279, November.

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