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Improving early grade reading performance in Nepal: differences between Nepali and non-Nepali students

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  • Alicia Menendez
  • Gregory Haugan

Abstract

We estimate the impact of the Nepal Early Grade Reading Program (NEGRP) on the reading ability of first through third graders who speak Nepali as their first or second language. Using difference-in-differences, we show that the effects of NEGRP are positive, between 0.42 and 0.76 standard deviations for native speakers, and between 0.22 and 0.54 standard deviations for second language students. Although NEGRP improved second language students' reading performance, it did not close the gap between native speakers and second language students. Future programs could consider incorporating transitional bilingual education components for students whose mother tongue is not Nepali.

Suggested Citation

  • Alicia Menendez & Gregory Haugan, 2026. "Improving early grade reading performance in Nepal: differences between Nepali and non-Nepali students," Education Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 34(3), pages 389-405, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:edecon:v:34:y:2026:i:3:p:389-405
    DOI: 10.1080/09645292.2025.2518376
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