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The effects of economic freedom, regulatory quality and taxation on the level of per capita real income: a preliminary analysis for OECD nations and non-G8 OECD nations

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  • Richard J. Cebula
  • J. R. Clark

Abstract

This study of the impact of economic freedom, regulatory quality and the relative burden of taxation on the level of per capita real income/GDP among OECD nations over the period 2003 to 2007 adopts a modified version of the overall economic freedom index computed by the Heritage Foundation (2013), one with the fiscal freedom and business freedom indices removed. This study then provides panel least squares fixed-effects estimates for five linear specifications/models. Each nation during this time frame can be regarded either as a nation per se or as a de facto 'economic region' within the OECD. The analysis first focuses upon all of the OECD nations and then, as a robustness test, subsequently focuses only on non-G8 OECD member nations. The estimations in this study all provide strong empirical support for the three central hypotheses proffered here, namely: (1) the higher the overall degree of economic freedom, the higher the per capita real income (GDP) level ; (2) the higher the level of regulatory quality, the higher the level of per capita real income (GDP) and (3) the higher the overall tax burden, expressed as a per cent of GDP, the lower is the level of per capita real income (GDP).

Suggested Citation

  • Richard J. Cebula & J. R. Clark, 2014. "The effects of economic freedom, regulatory quality and taxation on the level of per capita real income: a preliminary analysis for OECD nations and non-G8 OECD nations," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 46(31), pages 3836-3848, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:applec:v:46:y:2014:i:31:p:3836-3848
    DOI: 10.1080/00036846.2014.943885
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    Cited by:

    1. Gouider, Abdessalem & Nouira, Ridha & Saafi, Sami, 2022. "Re-Exploring the Nexus Between Economic Freedom and Growth: Is There a Threshold Effect?," Journal of Economic Development, The Economic Research Institute, Chung-Ang University, vol. 47(3), pages 147-167, September.
    2. Joshua C. Hall & Donald J. Lacombe & Timothy M. Shaughnessy, 2019. "Economic Freedom And Income Levels Across U.S. States: A Spatial Panel Data Analysis," Contemporary Economic Policy, Western Economic Association International, vol. 37(1), pages 40-49, January.
    3. Daniel L. Bennet, 2016. "Subnational Economic Freedom and Performance in the United States and Canada," Cato Journal, Cato Journal, Cato Institute, vol. 36(1), pages 165-185, Winter.
    4. Ivana Brkić & Nikola Gradojević & Svetlana Ignjatijević, 2020. "The Impact of Economic Freedom on Economic Growth? New European Dynamic Panel Evidence," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-13, February.

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