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Systematic documentation of landslide events in Limbe area (Mt Cameroon Volcano, SW Cameroon): geometry, controlling, and triggering factors

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  • V. Che
  • M. Kervyn
  • G. Ernst
  • P. Trefois
  • S. Ayonghe
  • P. Jacobs
  • E. Ranst
  • C. Suh

Abstract

Limbe town and surrounding areas, on the SE foot slopes of the active Mt Cameroon Volcano, have experienced numerous small-scale shallow landslides within the last 20 years. These resulted in the loss of ~30 lives and significant damage to farmland and properties. Landslides and their scars are identified in the field, and their geometry systematically measured to construct a landslide inventory map for the study area. Specific landslides are investigated in detail to identify site-specific controlling and triggering factors. This is to constrain key input parameters and their variability for subsequent susceptibility and risk modeling, for immediate local and regional applications in land-use planning. It will also enable a rapid exploration of remediation strategies that are currently lacking in the SW and NW regions of Cameroon. Typical slides within the study area are small-scale, shallow, translational earth, and debris slides though some rotational earth slides were also documented. The depletion zones have mean widths of 22 m ± 16.7 m and lengths of 25 ± 23 standard deviation. Estimated aerial extents of landslide scars and volume of generated debris range from 10 1 to 10 4 m 2 and 2 to 5 × 10 4 m 3 , respectively. A key finding is that most slope instabilities within the study area are associated with and appear to be exacerbated by man-made factors such as excavation, anarchical construction, and deforestation of steep slopes. High intensity rainfall notably during localized storms is the principal triggering factor identified so far. The findings from this case study have relevance to understanding some key aspects of locally devastating slope instabilities that commonly occur on intensely weathered steep terrains across subtropical Africa and in the subtropics worldwide and affecting an ever denser and most vulnerable population. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2011

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  • V. Che & M. Kervyn & G. Ernst & P. Trefois & S. Ayonghe & P. Jacobs & E. Ranst & C. Suh, 2011. "Systematic documentation of landslide events in Limbe area (Mt Cameroon Volcano, SW Cameroon): geometry, controlling, and triggering factors," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 59(1), pages 47-74, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:nathaz:v:59:y:2011:i:1:p:47-74
    DOI: 10.1007/s11069-011-9738-3
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Pierre Thierry & Laurent Stieltjes & Emmanuel Kouokam & Pierre Nguéya & Paul Salley, 2008. "Multi-hazard risk mapping and assessment on an active volcano: the GRINP project at Mount Cameroon," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 45(3), pages 429-456, June.
    2. S. Ayonghe & G. Mafany & E. Ntasin & P. Samalang, 1999. "Seismically Activated Swarm of Landslides, Tension Cracks, and a Rockfall after Heavy Rainfall in Bafaka, Cameroon," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 19(1), pages 13-27, January.
    3. A. Carrara & F. Guzzetti & M. Cardinali & P. Reichenbach, 1999. "Use of GIS Technology in the Prediction and Monitoring of Landslide Hazard," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 20(2), pages 117-135, November.
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    1. Jan Maes & Jeff Mbella Molombe & Kewan Mertens & Constanza Parra & Jean Poesen & Vivian Bih Che & Matthieu Kervyn, 2019. "Socio-political drivers and consequences of landslide and flood risk zonation: A case study of Limbe city, Cameroon," Environment and Planning C, , vol. 37(4), pages 707-731, June.
    2. R. O. E. Ulakpa & V.U.D. Okwu & K. E. Chukwu & M. O. Eyankware, 2020. "Landslide Susceptibility Modelling In Selected States Across Se. Nigeria," Environment & Ecosystem Science (EES), Zibeline International Publishing, vol. 4(1), pages 23-27, March.
    3. Festus Tongwa Aka & Gaston Wung Buh & Wilson Yatoh Fantong & Issa & Isabella Tem Zouh & Serges Laurent Bopda Djomou & Richard Tanwi Ghogomu & Terry Gibson & Mary-Ann Marmol del & Luc Nkamdjou Sigha & , 2017. "Disaster prevention, disaster preparedness and local community resilience within the context of disaster risk management in Cameroon," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 86(1), pages 57-88, March.
    4. Wamba Danny Love Djukem & Anika Braun & Armand Sylvain Ludovic Wouatong & Christian Guedjeo & Katrin Dohmen & Pierre Wotchoko & Tomas Manuel Fernandez-Steeger & Hans-Balder Havenith, 2020. "Effect of Soil Geomechanical Properties and Geo-Environmental Factors on Landslide Predisposition at Mount Oku, Cameroon," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(18), pages 1-27, September.

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