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Simulation of the Arabian Sea Tsunami propagation generated due to 1945 Makran Earthquake and its effect on western parts of Gujarat (India)

Author

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  • R. Jaiswal
  • A. Singh
  • B. Rastogi

Abstract

The 1945 Tsunami generated due to Makran Earthquake in the Arabian Sea was the most devastating tsunami in the history of the Arabian Sea and caused severe damage to property and loss of life. It occurred on 28th November 1945, 21:56 UTC (03:26 IST) with a magnitude of 8.0 (M w ), originating off the Makran Coast of Pakistan in the Arabian Sea. It has impacted as far as Mumbai in India and was noticed up to Karvar Coast, Karnataka. More than 4,000 people were killed as a result of the earthquake and the tsunami. In this paper an attempt is made for a numerical simulation of the tsunami generation from the source, its propagation into the Arabian Sea and its effect on the western coast of India through the use of a numerical model, referred to as Tunami-N2. The present simulation is carried out for a duration of 300 min. It is observed from the results that the simulated arrival time of tsunami waves at the western coast of India is in good agreement with the available data sources. The paper also presents run-up elevation maps prepared using Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission (SRTM) data, showing the possible area of inundation due to various wave heights along different parts of the Gujarat Coast. Thus, these results will be useful in planning the protection measures against inundation due to tsunami and in the implementation of a warning system. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2009

Suggested Citation

  • R. Jaiswal & A. Singh & B. Rastogi, 2009. "Simulation of the Arabian Sea Tsunami propagation generated due to 1945 Makran Earthquake and its effect on western parts of Gujarat (India)," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 48(2), pages 245-258, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:nathaz:v:48:y:2009:i:2:p:245-258
    DOI: 10.1007/s11069-008-9261-3
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Hamid Zafarani & Leila Etemadsaeed & Mohammad Rahimi & Navid Kheirdast & Amin Rashidi & Anooshiravan Ansari & Mohammad Mokhtari & Morteza Eskandari-Ghadi, 2023. "Probabilistic tsunami hazard analysis for western Makran coasts, south-east Iran," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 115(2), pages 1275-1311, January.
    2. Nilesh Bhatt & Madhav K. Murari & Vishal Ukey & S. P. Prizomwala & A. K. Singhvi, 2016. "Geological evidences of extreme waves along the Gujarat coast of western India," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 84(3), pages 1685-1704, December.
    3. G. Hoffmann & K. Reicherter & T. Wiatr & C. Grützner & T. Rausch, 2013. "Block and boulder accumulations along the coastline between Fins and Sur (Sultanate of Oman): tsunamigenic remains?," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 65(1), pages 851-873, January.

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