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Experimental study of reservoir bank collapse in gravel soil under different slope gradients and water levels

Author

Listed:
  • Jianjun Zhao

    (State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection (Chengdu University of Technology))

  • Hanyue Zhang

    (State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection (Chengdu University of Technology))

  • Changxin Yang

    (State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection (Chengdu University of Technology))

  • Lee Min Lee

    (University of Nottingham Malaysia)

  • Xiao Zhao

    (State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection (Chengdu University of Technology))

  • Qiyi Lai

    (State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection (Chengdu University of Technology))

Abstract

Reservoir bank collapse is a common hydrogeological problem in mountainous areas in the southwest region of China. This paper presents an experimental study to investigate the mechanisms and characteristics of the bank collapse problem in gravel soil, replicating the conditions of the Pubugou reservoir in Sichuan Province of China. A laboratory model was set up to monitor the hydrological responses and deformation development of the bank slopes under different slope gradients (i.e., 30°, 35° and 40°) and water level conditions (i.e., constant water level and fluctuating water level). The innovative setup enabled real-time monitoring of moisture content, pore-water pressure and deformation of the slope with the consideration of wave scouring effect. Results showed that the increase in the slope gradient would not only increase the slope mass sliding force, but also shorten the infiltration distance, making the slope more prone to saturation. The fluctuation in water level would destabilize the bank slope by deteriorating both the physical and mechanical properties of the soil, generating hydrodynamic pressure with the water level drawdown, and expanding the localized collapses to form a larger scale failure. The overall bank collapse mechanism can be divided into three stages: (1) partial collapse stage, (2) expansion and development stage, and (3) final stabilization stage. A new empirical equation was proposed to correlate the slope gradient, slope height, and coefficient of permeability with the bank collapse width in gravel soil.

Suggested Citation

  • Jianjun Zhao & Hanyue Zhang & Changxin Yang & Lee Min Lee & Xiao Zhao & Qiyi Lai, 2020. "Experimental study of reservoir bank collapse in gravel soil under different slope gradients and water levels," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 102(1), pages 249-273, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:nathaz:v:102:y:2020:i:1:d:10.1007_s11069-020-03922-z
    DOI: 10.1007/s11069-020-03922-z
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Paul Cleary & Mahesh Prakash & Stuart Mead & Vincent Lemiale & Geoff Robinson & Fanghong Ye & Sida Ouyang & Xinming Tang, 2015. "A scenario-based risk framework for determining consequences of different failure modes of earth dams," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 75(2), pages 1489-1530, January.
    2. Feng Ji & Yuchuan Shi & Huixing Zhou & Haiming Liu & Yi Liao, 2017. "Experimental research on the effect of slope morphology on bank collapse in mountain reservoir," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 86(1), pages 165-181, March.
    3. Min XIA & Guang REN & Xin MA, 2013. "Deformation and mechanism of landslide influenced by the effects of reservoir water and rainfall, Three Gorges, China," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 68(2), pages 467-482, September.
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