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Psychometric validation of the Chinese versions of EQ-5D-Y-3L and the experimental EQ-TIPS in children and adolescents with COVID-19

Author

Listed:
  • Wenjing Zhou

    (Shanghai Jiaotong University
    Erasmus Medical Center)

  • Yaqin Li

    (Shanghai Jiaotong University)

  • Jan Busschbach

    (Erasmus Medical Center)

  • Michael Herdman

    (National University of Singapore)

  • Zhihao Yang

    (Guizhou Medical University)

  • Yanming Lu

    (Shanghai Jiaotong University)

Abstract

Objectives Respiratory infectious diseases like COVID-19 profoundly impacts the health of children and adolescents, but validated instruments to measure their impacts on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) are lacking. The EQ-5D-Y-3L, widely used for youth HRQoL, now features a Chinese value set. The experimental EQ-TIPS addresses HRQoL assessment for toddlers and infants. This study tested the psychometric properties of both instruments in paediatric COVID-19 patients, and compared the performance of self-complete and proxy EQ-5D-Y-3L. Methods This longitudinal study recruited 861 COVID-19 patients aged 0–18 years and their parental caregivers, with 311 dyads completing the follow-up. Digital administration included the EQ-TIPS, the EQ-5D-Y-3L, and Overall Health Assessment (OHA). Controls comprised 231 healthy children. Analysis encompassed known-group validity, child-parent agreement, and responsiveness to change in disease severity and OHA. Results COVID-19 children exhibited lower HRQoL than non-infected peers. The EQ-TIPS and the EQ-5D-Y-3L distinguished groups by disease presence, severity and symptoms, showing moderate to good known-group validity (ESs: 0.45–1.39 for EQ-TIPS, 0.44–1.91 for self-complete EQ-5D-Y-3L, and 0.32–1.67 for proxy EQ-5D-Y-3L). Child-parent agreement was moderate to good for EQ-5D-Y-3L (ICC: 0.653–0.823; Gwet’s AC1: 0.470–0.738), and responsiveness was good for both EQ-TIPS Level Sum Score (LSS) (ESs: 1.21–1.39) and EQ-5D-Y-3L index scores (ESs: 1.00–1.16). Conclusions This study demonstrates the reliability, validity, and responsiveness of the experimental EQ-TIPS and the EQ-5D-Y-3L in paediatric COVID-19 patients. It is the first evidence of the EQ-TIPS’ responsiveness, supporting its use in assessing the impact of COVID-19 on paediatric HRQoL.

Suggested Citation

  • Wenjing Zhou & Yaqin Li & Jan Busschbach & Michael Herdman & Zhihao Yang & Yanming Lu, 2025. "Psychometric validation of the Chinese versions of EQ-5D-Y-3L and the experimental EQ-TIPS in children and adolescents with COVID-19," The European Journal of Health Economics, Springer;Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gesundheitsökonomie (DGGÖ), vol. 26(3), pages 337-351, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:eujhec:v:26:y:2025:i:3:d:10.1007_s10198-024-01710-1
    DOI: 10.1007/s10198-024-01710-1
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Wenjing Zhou & Anle Shen & Zhihao Yang & Pei Wang & Bin Wu & Michael Herdman & Nan Luo, 2021. "Patient-caregiver agreement and test–retest reliability of the EQ-5D-Y-3L and EQ-5D-Y-5L in paediatric patients with haematological malignancies," The European Journal of Health Economics, Springer;Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gesundheitsökonomie (DGGÖ), vol. 22(7), pages 1103-1113, September.
    2. Rachel Lee-Yin Tan & Sonia Zhi Yi Soh & Le Ann Chen & Michael Herdman & Nan Luo, 2023. "Psychometric Properties of Generic Preference-Weighted Measures for Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review," PharmacoEconomics, Springer, vol. 41(2), pages 155-174, February.
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    1. Wenjing Zhou & Anle Shen & Zhihao Yang & Pei Wang & Bin Wu & Michael Herdman & Jan Busschbach & Nan Luo, 2024. "Validity and responsiveness of EQ-5D-Y in children with haematological malignancies and their caregivers," The European Journal of Health Economics, Springer;Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gesundheitsökonomie (DGGÖ), vol. 25(8), pages 1361-1370, November.

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