Changes in Subjective well-being during the Transition from Middle Childhood To Adolescence

This longitudinal study investigates changes in subjective well-being (SWB) during the transition from middle childhood to early adolescence, focusing on life satisfaction, happiness, and satisfaction with specific life domains (family, friends, school, self, and place of residence). Conducted with 1,260 Croatian children aged 9 to 15, the study explores how gender and initial age predict these changes over three years. Using latent growth curve modelling, results indicate a general decline in SWB across all measures, with more pronounced decreases observed among girls. Boys consistently reported higher levels of SWB, while girls exhibited steeper declines, particularly in satisfaction with family, friends, and self. Satisfaction with school experiences showed the greatest overall decrease, potentially reflecting increased academic demands during this developmental period. While age differences were noted in initial SWB levels indicating lower SWB of older children, the rate of decline was consistent across age. The findings highlight the role of developmental and societal factors—such as pubertal changes, educational pressures, and shifts in social expectations—in shaping adolescents’ assessments of their well-being. This study contributes to the understanding of gender disparities in SWB trajectories and emphasizes the importance of addressing educational and emotional challenges during early adolescence to mitigate declines in well-being.