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Development and Validation of a Questionnaire on Chinese Parents’ Beliefs in Parental Roles and Responsibilities

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  • Ching Man Lam

    (The Chinese University of Hong Kong)

  • Siu Ming To

    (The Chinese University of Hong Kong)

  • Wai Man Kwong

    (City University of Hong Kong)

Abstract

Parental beliefs concerning parental roles and responsibilities are a crucial domain in the study of parental cognitions, an emic measure of which is not available in Chinese societies. In the context of a mixed-methods study on generational shifts in parental beliefs of five cohorts of Chinese parents in Hong Kong, we developed and validated a culturally- and diachronically-sensitive quantitative measure of parental beliefs on parental roles and responsibilities. A non-random proportionate sample (N = 5,707) of 5 generational cohorts of parents (the earliest cohort being parents of young children in the 1970’s and before) responded to a questionnaire of parental beliefs. An exploratory factor analysis of the data collected from the first sub-sample (n = 2,925) yielded a 23-item fivefold factor structure. A confirmatory factor analysis of the data collected from the second sub-sample (n = 2,596) demonstrated an acceptable model fit. The discovered factors pointed to parental beliefs clustered around five sets of parental roles and responsibilities: (1) parental nurturance of children; (2) parenthood as a normative life stage; (3) parental guidance of the young; (4) fulfilling children’s needs; and (5) readiness to relax and restrict parental control. Cross-cohort analysis confirms the presence of significant generational differences in all 5 sets of parental beliefs. This emic quantitative measure provides a culturally-sensitive scale for studying parental beliefs about parental roles and responsibilities in a Chinese cultural context.

Suggested Citation

  • Ching Man Lam & Siu Ming To & Wai Man Kwong, 2020. "Development and Validation of a Questionnaire on Chinese Parents’ Beliefs in Parental Roles and Responsibilities," Applied Research in Quality of Life, Springer;International Society for Quality-of-Life Studies, vol. 15(3), pages 693-712, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:ariqol:v:15:y:2020:i:3:d:10.1007_s11482-018-9682-4
    DOI: 10.1007/s11482-018-9682-4
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Siu To & Hau Tam, 2014. "Generational Differences in Work Values, Perceived Job Rewards, and Job Satisfaction of Chinese Female Migrant Workers: Implications for Social Policy and Social Services," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 118(3), pages 1315-1332, September.
    2. Orit Taubman - Ben-Ari & Shirley Ben Shlomo & Liora Findler, 2012. "Personal Growth and Meaning in Life Among First-Time Mothers and Grandmothers," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 13(5), pages 801-820, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Janet T. Y. Leung, 2020. "Concerted Cultivation and Adolescent Psychopathology over Time-Mediation of Parent-Child Conflict," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(24), pages 1-22, December.
    2. Janet Tsin Yee Leung, 2022. "Conceptualization of self-oriented parenting perfectionism and its Associations with parents’ wellbeing among Chinese parents," Applied Research in Quality of Life, Springer;International Society for Quality-of-Life Studies, vol. 17(6), pages 3517-3540, December.

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