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Gender differences in Syrian refugees in Jordan: Psychological, self-esteem, family function, marital satisfaction, and life satisfaction

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  • Alean Al-Krenawi
  • Melissa M Bell

Abstract

Aim: The current study examined gender differences in mental health, self-esteem, family function, marital satisfaction, and life satisfaction between men and women living in a refugee camp for Syrian refugees in Jordan. Method: A snowball method used by local female and male students trained to collect data according to culturally competent methods. The following research instruments were deployed: Symptoms Checklist-SCL90, Self-esteem Scale, the McMaster Family Assessment Device, Marital Satisfaction Scale, and life Satisfaction Scale. Results: A sample of 290 adults (196 women and 94 men) living in a refugee camp in Jordan participated in the study. Findings revealed that marital satisfaction, self-esteem, and life satisfaction were significantly different between males and females, indicating less subjective well-being for women. Many of the mental health symptoms in this study were more common for women than men; particularly noteworthy were somatization, obsessive compulsive behavior, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, hostility, psychoticism, and higher scores on the Global Severity Index (GSI). Conclusion: While some stressors are not gender-specific, there are unique factors that women face which place them at increased risk of mental health problems. Implications for practice include a greater understanding of the challenges and resilience mechanisms that are related to gender and culture.

Suggested Citation

  • Alean Al-Krenawi & Melissa M Bell, 2023. "Gender differences in Syrian refugees in Jordan: Psychological, self-esteem, family function, marital satisfaction, and life satisfaction," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 69(3), pages 714-723, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:socpsy:v:69:y:2023:i:3:p:714-723
    DOI: 10.1177/00207640221140286
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Barudy, Jorge, 1989. "A programme of mental health for political refugees: Dealing with the invisible pain of political exile," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 28(7), pages 715-727, January.
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