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Where is the social in the biopsychosocial model of suicide prevention?

Author

Listed:
  • José Eduardo Rodríguez-Otero
  • Xiana Campos-Mouriño
  • David Meilán-Fernández
  • Sarai Pintos-Bailón
  • Graciela Cabo-Escribano

Abstract

Background: Each year, around 800,000 people die by suicide. The prevalence of suicidal behaviors is much higher when suicidal attempts and persistent self-injurious ideation are included. Therefore, suicide is a public health concern. Research has been sensitive to this problem, deepening the study of risk factors and the development of theoretical frameworks of suicidal behavior, with the aim of generating effective suicide prevention policies around the biopsychosocial model. Aim: We aimed to explore the role of relational, community, and social factors in current suicide prevention strategies. Method: Studies of risk and protective factors for suicidal behavior and the consequent development of theoretical frameworks were reviewed to verify if this knowledge was really used in suicide prevention policies. Results: Studies of risk and protective factors focus mainly on the individual, while theoretical frameworks emphasize the role of the relational, community, and social. Suicide prevention strategies more closely follow individual models derived from studies of risk factors. Conclusions: Suicide prevention strategies should broaden their individual narrative to include relational, community, and social interventions as anti-suicide measures.

Suggested Citation

  • José Eduardo Rodríguez-Otero & Xiana Campos-Mouriño & David Meilán-Fernández & Sarai Pintos-Bailón & Graciela Cabo-Escribano, 2022. "Where is the social in the biopsychosocial model of suicide prevention?," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 68(7), pages 1403-1410, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:socpsy:v:68:y:2022:i:7:p:1403-1410
    DOI: 10.1177/00207640211027210
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rebecca A. Bernert & Amanda M. Hilberg & Ruth Melia & Jane Paik Kim & Nigam H. Shah & Freddy Abnousi, 2020. "Artificial Intelligence and Suicide Prevention: A Systematic Review of Machine Learning Investigations," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(16), pages 1-25, August.
    2. María Teresa Carrasco-Barrios & Paloma Huertas & Paloma Martín & Carlos Martín & Mª Carmen Castillejos & Eleni Petkari & Berta Moreno-Küstner, 2020. "Determinants of Suicidality in the European General Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(11), pages 1-24, June.
    3. Carol C Choo & Keith M Harris & Peter K H Chew & Roger C Ho, 2019. "Clinical assessment of suicide risk and suicide attempters' self-reported suicide intent: A cross sectional study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(7), pages 1-11, July.
    4. Jennifer White & Jonathan Morris, 2019. "Re-Thinking Ethics and Politics in Suicide Prevention: Bringing Narrative Ideas into Dialogue with Critical Suicide Studies," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-13, September.
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