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Zoneamento Urbano e Acesso às Oportunidades: o Caso das Zonas Especiais de Interesse Social (ZEIS) na Cidade do Recife
[Urban Zoning and Access to Opportunities: The Case of Special Zones of Social Interest (ZEIS) in the City of Recife]

Author

Listed:
  • Maria Luíza Alagão Pinheiro

    (Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE))

  • Raul Silveira Neto

    (Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE))

Abstract

As Zonas Especiais de Interesse Social (ZEIS) foram criadas no Recife, em 1983 como instrumento de zoneamento urbano para regularização fundiária e ampliação do acesso a serviços em áreas de baixa renda. Este artigo analisa em que medida o melhor acesso ao emprego e aos serviços de educação e de saúde está associado à localização em ZEIS na cidade. Utilizam-se dados dos Censos Demográficos do IBGE, da Prefeitura do Recife, de Pereira et al. (2022) e uma estratégia de identificação com variável instrumental baseada nos antigos trilhos intermunicipais do século XIX. Os resultados indicam que áreas com melhor acesso a empregos (diferenciados por nível de complexidade) e aos serviços de saúde e de educação (por níveis de atendimento) têm maiores chances de ter a presença de ZEIS. Os achados reforçam a ideia de que o acesso a oportunidades urbanas é um fator relevante na localização dessas zonas. Special Zones of Social Interest (ZEIS) were established in Recife in 1983 as an urban zoning instrument aimed at land tenure regularization and expanding access to services in low-income areas. This article analyzes the extent to which improved access to employment and to education and health services is associated with location within ZEIS in the city. Data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) Demographic Censuses, the Recife Municipal Government, Pereira et al. (2022), and an identification strategy using an instrumental variable based on nineteenth-century intermunicipal railway tracks are employed. The results indicate that areas with better access to jobs (distinguished by levels of complexity) and to health and education services (by levels of provision) are more likely to be designated as ZEIS. The findings reinforce the idea that access to urban opportunities is a relevant factor in the location of these zones.

Suggested Citation

  • Maria Luíza Alagão Pinheiro & Raul Silveira Neto, 2026. "Zoneamento Urbano e Acesso às Oportunidades: o Caso das Zonas Especiais de Interesse Social (ZEIS) na Cidade do Recife [Urban Zoning and Access to Opportunities: The Case of Special Zones of Social Interest (ZEIS) in the City of Recife]," Revista Brasileira de Estudos Regionais e Urbanos, Associação Brasileira de Estudos Regionais e Urbanos (ABER), vol. 20(2), pages 197-221, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:ris:rberur:022589
    DOI: 10.54766/rberu.v20i2.1255
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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • R38 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Real Estate Markets, Spatial Production Analysis, and Firm Location - - - Government Policy
    • R23 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Household Analysis - - - Regional Migration; Regional Labor Markets; Population

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