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Distribuição geográfica dos médicos no estado da Bahia: Uma análise espacial de dados em cross-section
[Geographic distribution of doctors in the state of Bahia: a spatial analysis of cross-section data]

Author

Listed:
  • Elaine dos Santos Simões

    (Universidade Federal da Bahia (PPGE/UFBA))

  • Julyan Gleyvison Machado Gouveia Lins

    (Universidade Federal da Bahia (PPGE/UFBA))

  • Stélio Coêlho Lombardi Filho

    (Universidade Federal da Bahia (PPGE/UFBA))

Abstract

O objetivo da presente pesquisa foi identificar e analisar os principais determinantes da distribuição espacial dos médicos no estado da Bahia. Tem-se observado grande desigualdade na distribuição geográfica dos médicos no Brasil e no mundo, ensejando amplos debates acerca do tema. A partir dos dados do CNES/DATASUS e do INEP/MEC, nos anos de 2010 e 2022, foi realizada uma Análise Exploratória de Dados Espaciais, verificando que o indicador médico por mil habitantes, bem como alguns fatores que refletem na sua aglomeração, são autocorrelacionados espacialmente nos municípios baianos. Posteriormente, foi realizada uma análise espacial em dados cross-section, por meio do modelo espacial Durbin (SDM), contemplando os 417 municípios do estado da Bahia, observados no ano de 2010 e 2022. Os resultados indicaram que quantidade de equipamentos hospitalares, leitos hospitalares, demais estabelecimentos de saúde, população, renda per capita e faculdades de medicina foram os principais determinantes da distribuição dos médicos no território baiano. The objective of the research was to identify and analyze the main determinants of the spatial distribution of doctors in the state of Bahia. Great inequality has been observed in the geographic distribution of doctors in Brazil and in the world, giving rise to broad debates on the subject. Using data from CNES/DATASUS and INEP/MEC, in the years 2010 and 2022, an Exploratory Analysis of Spatial Data was conducted, verifying that the medical physician-to population ratio and some factors that reflect on its agglomeration, are spatially autocorrelated in Bahian municipalities. Subsequently, a spatial analysis was conducted on cross sectional data using the Durbin Spatial Model (SDM) covering the 417 municipalities of the state of Bahia, observed in the year 2010 and 2022. The results indicated that the quantity of hospital equipment, hospital beds, other healthcare facilities, population, per capita income, and medical schools were the main determinants of physician distribution in the Bahian territory.

Suggested Citation

  • Elaine dos Santos Simões & Julyan Gleyvison Machado Gouveia Lins & Stélio Coêlho Lombardi Filho, 2025. "Distribuição geográfica dos médicos no estado da Bahia: Uma análise espacial de dados em cross-section [Geographic distribution of doctors in the state of Bahia: a spatial analysis of cross-section," Revista Brasileira de Estudos Regionais e Urbanos, Associação Brasileira de Estudos Regionais e Urbanos (ABER), vol. 19(4), pages 443-479, October.
  • Handle: RePEc:ris:rberur:021935
    DOI: 10.54766/rberu.v19i4.1144
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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • C21 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Cross-Sectional Models; Spatial Models; Treatment Effect Models
    • I10 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - General
    • R10 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - General

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