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O programa Mais Médicos tem ocupado as áreas desérticas de médicos? Uma análise espacial de 2013 a 2023
[Has the Mais Médicos program reached physician desert areas? A spatial analysis from 2013 to 2023]

Author

Listed:
  • Rachel Alves da Silva

    (Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (PPGER-UFRRJ))

  • Bruno da Silva Gomes

    (Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (PPGER-UFRRJ))

Abstract

Este estudo analisa a distribuição espacial dos médicos do Programa Mais Médicos (PMM) nos municípios brasileiros entre 2013 e 2023. A partir da Análise Exploratória de Dados Espaciais (AEDE), com foco na identificação de padrões de agrupamento, constatou-se um aumento contínuo na densidade de médicos até 2017, seguido por uma redução expressiva após a saída dos médicos cubanos em 2018. A análise do Índice de Moran revelou a existência de agrupamentos do tipo alto-alto, que correspondem a municípios com maior número de médicos cercados por outros em situação semelhante, e do tipo baixo-baixo, que indicam locais com escassez de profissionais próximos a outros igualmente carentes, ressaltando as desigualdades regionais no acesso à saúde. A suspensão do programa em 2018 agravou a carência médica em áreas vulneráveis, enquanto sua retomada em 2023 sugere uma tentativa de corrigir falhas anteriores e ampliar o acesso à saúde. Assim, o PMM evidencia como mudanças institucionais afetam políticas de saúde pública. This study examines the spatial distribution of physicians in the Programa Mais Médicos (PMM) across Brazilian municipalities from 2013 to 2023. Through Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis (ESDA), with an emphasis on identifying clustering patterns, the findings indicate a continuous increase in physician density until 2017, followed by a sharp decline after the departure of Cuban doctors in 2018. The Moran’s Index analysis identified high high clusters, representing municipalities with a high concentration of physicians surrounded by others in a similar condition, and low-low clusters, indicating areas with a scarcity of professionals adjacent to similarly underserved regions, highlighting regional disparities in healthcare access. The program’s suspension in 2018 exacerbated the shortage of medical professionals in vulnerable areas, whereas its reinstatement in 2023 suggests an effort to address previous shortcomings and expand healthcare access. Thus, the PMM illustrates how institutional changes impact public health policies.

Suggested Citation

  • Rachel Alves da Silva & Bruno da Silva Gomes, 2025. "O programa Mais Médicos tem ocupado as áreas desérticas de médicos? Uma análise espacial de 2013 a 2023 [Has the Mais Médicos program reached physician desert areas? A spatial analysis from 2013 to," Revista Brasileira de Estudos Regionais e Urbanos, Associação Brasileira de Estudos Regionais e Urbanos (ABER), vol. 19(3), pages 365-392, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:ris:rberur:021926
    DOI: https://revistaaber.org.br/rberu/ar
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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • I19 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Other
    • R23 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Household Analysis - - - Regional Migration; Regional Labor Markets; Population

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