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Progreso tecnológico y divergencias regionales: evidencia para Colombia (1980-2010)

Author

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  • Sanabria Gómez, Segundo Abrahán

    (Universidad Nacional de Colombia)

Abstract

La teoría del crecimiento endógeno planteó que el cambio tecnológico es endógeno y que presenta rendimientos marginales crecientes en los factores, por lo cual no necesariamente existe convergencia entre países ricos y pobres. A partir de este principio e integrando los enfoques teóricos evolucionista y estructuralista, en este artículo, utilizando indicadores estadísticos y estimaciones econométricas, se demuestra que a escala regional, el progreso tecnológico se asocia positivamente con el desarrollo industrial y económico de cada región. Por esta razón, las regiones de mayor desarrollo económico atraen y concentran una proporción mayor de los recursos científicos y tecnológicos, mientras que las regiones cuya actividad económica predominante es la agropecuaria presentan restricciones para generar, acceder e incorporar productivamente los avances tecnológicos. En consecuencia, se concluye que el progreso tecnológico induce a procesos divergentes entre regiones a largo plazo. The theory of endogenous growth posited that technological change is endogenous and presents increasing marginal returns in factors, so there is not necessarily convergence between rich and poor countries. Based on this principle and integrating the theoretical approaches evolutionist and structuralist, in this article, using statistical indicators and econometric estimates, it is shown that at regional level, technological progress is positively associated with the industrial and economic development of each region. For this reason, regions of greater economic development attract and concentrate a greater proportion of scientific and technological resources, while regions whose predominant economic activity is agriculture present restrictions to generate, access and productively incorporate technological advances. Consequently, it is concluded that technological progress leads to divergent processes between regions in the long term.

Suggested Citation

  • Sanabria Gómez, Segundo Abrahán, 2017. "Progreso tecnológico y divergencias regionales: evidencia para Colombia (1980-2010)," INVESTIGACIONES REGIONALES - Journal of REGIONAL RESEARCH, Asociación Española de Ciencia Regional, issue 38, pages 7-25.
  • Handle: RePEc:ris:invreg:0345
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    progreso tecnológico; desequilibrios regionales; desarrollo económico;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • B52 - Schools of Economic Thought and Methodology - - Current Heterodox Approaches - - - Historical; Institutional; Evolutionary; Modern Monetary Theory;
    • O14 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Industrialization; Manufacturing and Service Industries; Choice of Technology
    • O33 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Diffusion Processes
    • R11 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Regional Economic Activity: Growth, Development, Environmental Issues, and Changes

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