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Keynes, Meade, Robbins et l’Organisation internationale du commerce

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  • Schwob, Claude

    (BETA – Thème, Université Louis Pasteur – Strasbourg I)

Abstract

It was not until 1994 that the decision to set up an international organization (WTO) in charge of monitoring international trade was taken. However negotiations to that aim had started in 1941. They led in 1948 to the Havana Charter for the creation of an International Trade Organization (ITO). But the ITO was never born. At a time when eminent economists become disenchanted with the broken promises of international organizations, it seems useful to point out the intellectual background in which the plan for an International Trade Organization emerged. This paper aims at presenting the ideas of the three main British economists who took part in these negotiations, namely Keynes, Meade and Robbins. Il a fallu attendre l’année 1994 pour que soit décidée la création d’une organisation internationale chargée d’encadrer le commerce international : l’Organisation mondiale du commerce (OMC). Pourtant des négociations ont commencé sur ce sujet dès 1941. Elles ont eu pour objectif de créer une Organisation internationale du commerce (OIC) et ont abouti en 1948 à la Charte de la Havane instituant une Organisation internationale du commerce. Mais l’OIC n’a jamais vu le jour. À une époque où s’exprime un désenchantement devant les promesses non tenues par les organisations internationales, il est utile de rappeler le contexte intellectuel dans lequel l’idée d’organiser le commerce mondial a émergé. L’article qui suit présente les conceptions des trois principaux économistes britanniques ayant participé à ces négociations : Keynes, Meade et Robbins.

Suggested Citation

  • Schwob, Claude, 2007. "Keynes, Meade, Robbins et l’Organisation internationale du commerce," L'Actualité Economique, Société Canadienne de Science Economique, vol. 83(2), pages 255-283, juin.
  • Handle: RePEc:ris:actuec:v:83:y:2007:i:2:p:255-283
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    Cited by:

    1. Claude Schwob, 2008. "La politique commerciale des États-Unis et la question du leadership entre 1900 et 1944," Working Papers 08-03, Association Française de Cliométrie (AFC).

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