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Effect of Misclassification on Test of Independence Using Different Randomized Response Techniques

Author

Listed:
  • Asma Halim

    (Ph. D Scholar, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan; Assistant Professor, Department of Business Administration, Iqra University, Islamabad, Pakistan)

  • Irshad Ahmad Arshad

    (Professor, Department of Statistics, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan)

  • Summaira Haroon

    (Senior Lecturer, Department of Business Studies, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan)

  • Waqas Shair

    (Lecturer, Minhaj University Lahore, Pakistan)

Abstract

In Survey Sampling, while we are dealing with sensitive issues, it is a challenge to get the accurate and unbiased answers from the respondents. To fulfill this need researcher exert on discovering such methodology which can help to get accurate responses from respondents in case of sensitive issues. One of the most famous techniques amongst these techniques is randomized response technique. In current research we discuss two dimensional tables and derive the misclassification probabilities for various randomized response techniques. The transition matrices of conditional misclassification probabilities are used to get perturbed or misclassified data and then Chi-square test of independence between two attributes is carried out. The results of chi-square test of independence calculated for perturbed data show that variables are found to be dependent which were independent originally, depicting that misclassification can change the status of dependence in the data. This paper has great contribution towards checking independence status of data while dealing with sensitive issues, where data can be misclassified. The derived matrices of conditional misclassification probabilities can be used acquire estimates of log-linear model for numerous randomized response techniques.

Suggested Citation

  • Asma Halim & Irshad Ahmad Arshad & Summaira Haroon & Waqas Shair, 2022. "Effect of Misclassification on Test of Independence Using Different Randomized Response Techniques," Journal of Policy Research (JPR), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 8(4), pages 427-438, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:rfh:jprjor:v:8:y:2022:i:4:p:427-438
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Waqas Shair & Mumtaz Anwar, 2023. "Effect of internal and external remittances on expenditure inequality in Pakistan," Cogent Economics & Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 11(1), pages 2178121-217, December.
    2. Waqas Shair & Muhammad Tariq Majeed, "undated". "Labor Market Outcomes Of Non-Migrant Members In Response To Remittances: Evidence From Provincial Capital Of Punjab And Khyber Pakhtunkhawa (Kpk)," Review of Socio - Economic Perspectives 202047, Reviewsep.
    3. Shu-Hui Hsieh & Shen-Ming Lee & Chin-Shang Li, 2022. "A Two-stage Multilevel Randomized Response Technique With Proportional Odds Models and Missing Covariates," Sociological Methods & Research, , vol. 51(1), pages 439-467, February.
    4. Kuo‐Chung Huang, 2004. "A survey technique for estimating the proportion and sensitivity in a dichotomous finite population," Statistica Neerlandica, Netherlands Society for Statistics and Operations Research, vol. 58(1), pages 75-82, February.
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