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La dialéctica política en Andalucía. Partidos y autogobierno

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  • José Acosta Sánchez

Abstract

RESUMEN El objeto es investigar la relación entre el subsistema político implantado en la Comunidad Autónoma de Andalucía tras las primeras elecciones autonómicas de 1982 y el proceso de autogobierno de estos veinte años. ¿Hasta qué punto las fuerzas parlamentarias y las instituciones de la Junta han hecho efectiva la aplicación del Estatuto y se han obtenido resultados coherentes con los objetivos fijados en el mismo? Tal es la interrogante central que se afronta. El primer eje del estudio gira sobre la tesis de que en la formación y evolución de la autonomía andaluza, desde la aprobación del Estatuto en diciembre de 1981 a hoy, han pesado, más que los positivos, los factores negativos, habiendo sido el peor la configuración, evolución y comportamiento del cuadro de partidos parlamentarios (PSOE, PP, IU-CA y PA, con los antecesores de los tres últimos, UCD y AP, PCE, PSA), y junto a ello, la acción de los órganos de la Junta (Parlamento, representación del pueblo andaluz, Consejo de Gobierno, formado por el Presidente y los Consejeros, y Presidente de la Junta, director del Ejecutivo y representante supremo de la misma y del Estado en Andalucía). El segundo eje de la investigación gira en torno a las singularidades y rasgos que separan el origen de la autonomía andaluza (1977-1982) y la dinámica del subsistema político andaluz de las génesis y desarrollos de las otras dieciséis comunidades autónomas. Ello en dos vertientes: comparando la andaluza con las dos autonomías más potentes, las vasca y la catalana, por un lado, y por otro, con las catorce comunidades restantes, distinguiéndose con énfasis en el estudio la diversidad de procesos que se han dado en este segundo grupo, fenómeno de gran relevancia para elucidar la especificidad andaluza y hacer valoración y balance de la autonomía de Andalucía. La conclusión capital es que, tras su brillante período fundacional (1977-1982), la autonomía andaluza se fue cargando en su despliegue de frustaciones, paradojas e incapacidades, marcada por su estatalización : evoluciona en sus tres primeras legislaturas (1982-1994) bajo la hegemonía absoluta del partido estatal hegemónico, el PSOE, y en las tres últimas bajo la creciente confrontación entre los dos grandes partidos estatales, PP y PSOE. ABSTRACT The aim is to explore the relationship between the political sub-system in place in the Autonomous Community of Andalusia following the first autonomous community elections in 1982 and the self-government process over the last twenty years. To what extent have the parliamentary forces and institutions of the Autonomous Andalusian Government, the Junta, effectively managed to implement the Statute of Autonomy and the results obtained been consistent with the targets set in the Statute? This is the main question tackled. At the core of the study is the theory that negative factors have had more influence than positive factors during the formation and evolution of Andalusian self-government, from the approval of the Statute in December 1981 to the present, and the worst of these negative factors was the formation, development and performance of the parliamentary parties (the PSOE, PP, IU-CA and PA and the predecessors of the last three parties, the UCD and AP, PCE and PSA), together with the actions of the bodies of the Junta (the Parliament, representation of the people of Andalusia, the Government Council, with the President and Councilors and the President of the Junta, the head of the autonomous government, the highest representative of the autonomous government and of central government in Andalusia). The investigation then explores the particular characteristics and features which distinguish the origins of Andalusian self-government (1977 to 1982) from the dynamics of the Andalusian political subsystem from the birth and development of the other sixteen autonomous communities of Spain. This is approached in two ways: by comparing the Andalusian Autonomous Community with the two most powerful communities, the Basque and Catalan communities, on the one hand, and with the remaining fourteen communities on the other, placing particular emphasis on the various processes that have taken place in the fourteen communities which serve to illustrate the specific Andalusian experience and to assess and take stock of Andalusian self-government. The main conclusion is that, after a brilliant foundational period (1977 to 1982), Andalusian selfgovernment went on to become weighed down by frustrations, paradoxes and incompetence and increasingly influenced by national politics: during its first three terms (1982 to 1994) it evolved under the total hegemony of the dominant state party, the PSOE, and during the last three terms under the growing confrontation between the two largest central government parties, the PP and PSOE.

Suggested Citation

  • José Acosta Sánchez, 2002. "La dialéctica política en Andalucía. Partidos y autogobierno," Revista de Estudios Regionales, Universidades Públicas de Andalucía, vol. 2, pages 101-136.
  • Handle: RePEc:rer:articu:v:02:y:2002:p:101-136
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    Keywords

    Andalucía; Política; Partidos políticos;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • R1 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics

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