Author
Listed:
- Glassner, Vera
- Pernicka, Susanne
Abstract
Dieser Artikel beschaeftigt sich mit transnationalen Gewerkschaftsstrategien im Feld der Lohnpolitik und adressiert zwei bislang in der Literatur ungeklaerte Fragen: (1) Wie kann grenzueberschreitende Kooperation zur Errichtung von Normen tariflicher Koordinierung unter wenig foerderlichen Bedingungen erklaert werden? (2) Warum verhalten sich Gewerkschaften in kleinen, exportorientierten Laendern kooperativ, obwohl Konkurrenz, das heisst eine Unterbietung der Lohnabschluesse in groesseren Laendern, die zweckrationale Strategie waere? Unter Bezugnahme auf neuere Ansaetze des soziologischen Neoinstitutionalismus wird ein theoretisch-konzeptioneller Rahmen vorgeschlagen und am Beispiel des europaeischen Metallsektors diskutiert. Die zentrale Schlussfolgerung lautet: Transnationale Gewerkschaftsstrategien in der Lohnpolitik erfordern neben beguenstigenden strukturellen und organisationsbezogenen Bedingungen, wie ein hoher Grad an Integration der Unternehmen in globale Produktions- und Wertschoepfungsketten sowie hohe gewerkschaftliche Organisationsgrade, zwei weitere Voraussetzungen: Erstens, ein Mindestmass an unterstuetzenden (trans)nationalen regulativen, normativen und/oder kulturell-kognitiven Institutionen und zweitens, sog. institutionelle entrepreneurs, die grenzueberschreitende Kooperation initiieren und dauerhaft mitzutragen bereit sind. (This article focuses on transnational trade union strategies in the field of wage policy by addressing two questions: (1) What explains cross-border cooperation aimed at the creation of common norms for the coordination of collective bargaining under the condition of international market competition? (2) Why do trade unions in small, export-dependent countries cooperate transnationally when the undercutting of wage increases in larger countries would be a more rational strategy? By drawing on newer accounts of sociological neo-institutionalism we propose a theoretical framework that is applied to the European metalworking sector. We conclude that transnational trade union strategies in wage policy require, besides favourable structural and associational conditions, such as a high degree of integration of companies in global production and value chains and high union densities, two further preconditions: First, a minimum of supportive (trans)national regulative, normative and cultural-cognitive institutions, and second, institutional entrepreneurs who initiate and maintain cross-border coordination.)
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JEL classification:
- L31 - Industrial Organization - - Nonprofit Organizations and Public Enterprise - - - Nonprofit Institutions; NGOs; Social Entrepreneurship
- L39 - Industrial Organization - - Nonprofit Organizations and Public Enterprise - - - Other
- Z13 - Other Special Topics - - Cultural Economics - - - Economic Sociology; Economic Anthropology; Language; Social and Economic Stratification
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