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Les immigrés et le monde du travail : un nouvel âge de l'immigration ?

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  • Jean-Hugues Déchaux

Abstract

[fre] Après plus d'un siècle d'une immigration de main-d'œuvre, instable, destinée à suppléer aux faiblesses de l'économie française, la position professionnelle des immigrés se transforme sous l'effet des conditions nouvelles créées par la suspension de l'immigration en 1974. L'installation des immigrés déjà présents sur le territoire national devient durable, contribuant à stabiliser et banaliser leur situation professionnelle et à favoriser une meilleure acculturation à l'univers du travail. Mais, parallèlement, du fait de cette banalisation, le recours à la main-d'œuvre clandestine devient plus attractif pour les employeurs et se maintient. Ce processus en cours marque bien un nouvel âge de l'immigration. Toutefois il reste fragile et bute sur quelques obstacles : disparités et clivages professionnels demeurent et la tradition assimilationniste française semble donner des signes d'épuisement. La situation d'ensemble est donc très ouverte et annonce une diversification accrue de la position des immigrés dans le monde du travail. [eng] Between 1880 and 1970, immigration was mainly related to jobs. It was not stable over time. It was used to overcome the weaknesses of the French economy. Immigrants situation on the labor market has been changing under the new conditions following the 1974 Act to stop immigration. Pre-1974 immigrants' stay in France has become normal, and this has improved their integration within the labour market. However, following this normalization, employers have taken increasing numbers of illegal immigrants. This process, currently at work, marks a new period of immigration. Nevertheless immigrants integration remains fragile and has to face various obstacles such as: unequal positions within the labour market, the erosion of the French integrationist tradition. The increasing diversity among immigrants within the labour market shows the current uncertainties of their position.

Suggested Citation

  • Jean-Hugues Déchaux, 1991. "Les immigrés et le monde du travail : un nouvel âge de l'immigration ?," Revue de l'OFCE, Programme National Persée, vol. 36(1), pages 85-116.
    • Handle: RePEc:prs:rvofce:ofce_0751-6614_1991_num_36_1_1243
    DOI: 10.3406/ofce.1991.1243
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ofce.1991.1243
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    1. Jean-Charles Willard, 1984. "Conditions d'emploi et salaires de la main-d'oeuvre étrangère," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 162(1), pages 15-27.
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