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Conditions d'emploi et salaires de la main-d'oeuvre étrangère

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  • Jean-Charles Willard

Abstract

[fre] Par rapport aux salariés français, les salariés étrangers sont plus souvent ouvriers, moins qualifiés, plus urbains. Ces caractéristiques sont confirmées et chiffrées par l'enquête sur la structure des salaires de 1978, qui repose sur un échantillon important de salariés. D'autres données, moins connues, sont mises en évidence. Les ouvriers étrangers travaillent plus longtemps et plus souvent en équipes, ils sont un peu plus âgés, mais ont moins d'ancienneté dans leur entreprise; leur absentéisme est plus important. Toutes ces particularités ont des effets contradictoires sur le niveau relatif de leurs rémunérations, mais, au total, les gains des étrangers sont plus faibles que ceux de leurs homologues français. L'évolution de 1972 à 1978, et notamment après 1975, a tendu à atténuer certains écarts entre les deux populations, en particulier en matière d'âge et d'ancienneté. Au delà de 1978, les enquêtes sur l'emploi montrent une stabilité du poids des étrangers dans la population active, avec un glissement marqué vers les activités tertiaires et une certaine féminisation. [eng] Employment conditions and salaries of foreign labor - In relation to French wage-earners, foreign wage-earners are most often workers, less skilled and more urban. These characteristics are confirmed and supported by statistics in the survey of salary structure in 1978 which was based on a large sample of wage-earners. Other less well-known data are put forth. Foreign laborers work longer and more often in crews. They are somewhat older, but have less seniority in their firms. Their absenteism is greater. All these distinctive features have contradictory effects on the relative level of their remuneration. But, on the whole, the earnings of foreigners are lower than those of their French counterparts. The evolution from 1972 to 1978, and in particular after 1975, has tended to reduce certain disparities between the two populations, especially where age and seniority are concerned. After 1978, surveys of employment show a stability of the weight of foreigners in the active population with a marked shifting towards the tertiary sectors and a certain increase of women in this group. [spa] Condiciones laborales y salarios de la fuerza laboral extranjera - Con relación a asalariados franceses, los asalariados extranjeros son más a menudo obreros, menos calificados, mayormente urbanos. Estas características están confirmadas y cifradas por la encuesta relativa a estructura de los salarios de 1978, la cual estriba en una importante muestra de asalariados. Otros datos, menos conocidos, están puestos de manifiesto. Los obreros extranjeros trabajan más tiempo y con frecuencia en cuadrilla, son algo mayores si bien con menos antiguedad en su empresa; su ausentismo es de más consideración. Todas estas peculiaridades surten efectos contradictories en el nivel relativo de sus remuneraciones, pero, en total, los salarios de los extranjeros son menos elevados que los de sus homólogos franceses. La evolución de 1972 a 1978 y, en especial, después de 1975 encarriló a atenuar algunos de los descartes entre ambas poblaciones laborales, especialmente en materia de edad y antiguedad en la empresa. Después de 1978, las encuestas relativas a empleo muestran una estabilidad del peso de los extranjeros dentro de la población activa, con un patente deslizamiento hacia actividades terciarias así como cierta femenización.

Suggested Citation

  • Jean-Charles Willard, 1984. "Conditions d'emploi et salaires de la main-d'oeuvre étrangère," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 162(1), pages 15-27.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1984_num_162_1_4822
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.1984.4822
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.1984.4822
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    Cited by:

    1. Jean-Hugues Déchaux, 1991. "Les immigrés et le monde du travail : un nouvel âge de l'immigration ?," Revue de l'OFCE, Programme National Persée, vol. 36(1), pages 85-116.

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