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L'O.M.C, un premier bilan

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  • Bernard Guillochon

Abstract

[fre] L'O.M.C. bénéficie actuellement d'une plus grande légitimité que le G.A.T.T. En témoignent les demandes d'adhésion et le nombre élevé de conflits commerciaux portés devant ses organes de règlement des différends. Mais la réussite de l'О.М.С. n'est pas garantie. Elle dépendra de sa capacité à faire appliquer les nouvelles mesures de libéralisation du commerce : abaissement des droits de douane et, surtout, réduction des subventions, limitation des mesures de sauvegarde, défense de la propriété intellectuelle, réduction des protections sur l'agriculture et sur les textiles. La suppression des obstacles sur les services, souhaitée initialement par les pays développés, reste partielle. Les services de télécommunication ont fait l'objet d'un accord tardif (février 1997) et il n'y a toujours pas d'entente dans les services financiers. D'autres questions restent en suspens (clause sociale, environnement, investissement direct étranger). [eng] The W.T.O. is currently enjoying a legitimacy unmatched by the G.A.T.T., as witnessed by the number of applications for entry and the high number of trade disputes which are brought before its settlement committees. But the success of the W.T.O. is not warranted. It will depend on its ability to enforce the new provisions for a free trade : a lowering of customs tariffs and especially a decrease in subsidies, a curtailment in the number of safeguard mesures, a defense of intelectual property rights, a reduction in protection mechanisms for agriculture and textiles. A removal of the obstacles on services first wished for, by highly industial countries, has been only partly achieved. Only recently was achieved a long awaited-for agreement on telecommunications services (february 1997), and there is still no agreement on financial services. Other issues are still pending (labour protection rules, foreign direct investment).

Suggested Citation

  • Bernard Guillochon, 1997. "L'O.M.C, un premier bilan," Revue Française d'Économie, Programme National Persée, vol. 12(4), pages 35-69.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:rfreco:rfeco_0769-0479_1997_num_12_4_1033
    DOI: 10.3406/rfeco.1997.1033
    Note: DOI:10.3406/rfeco.1997.1033
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    1. Patrick Messerlin, 1995. "La nouvelle organisation mondiale du commerce," Post-Print hal-03567521, HAL.
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