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Mode de production et systèmes de culture et d'élevage

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  • C. Reboul

Abstract

[eng] Mode of production and crop or livestock systems - The author intends to show how the theory of Marx can be used to explain the development of farm production systems. . The unequal development which characterizes the economic and social capitalistic system results precisely in an unequal integration of the farms into a market economy and consequently in a unequal access to modern production techniques. . In order to remain competitive, or at least to delay their elimination, the small farms underpay their labour which is possible in a family-farm system with a subsistence economy. . The big farms, on the contrary, which are solidly integrated in the market economy dispose of the capital necessary to conciliate the use of high productivity techniques and the employment of hired labour. . In countries where an agrarian reform has been carried out, for instance in the DRG or in Hungary, the main preoccupation has been the uniform development of the farms and has resulted in a homogenization of the production systems, each farm practising both market and non-market activities. [fre] L'auteur se propose de montrer comment la théorie de Marx peut aider à rendre compte de l'évolution des systèmes de production des exploitations agricoles. . Le développement inégal, qui caractérise un système économique et social capitaliste, se traduit notamment par une inégale intégration des exploitations agricoles dans l'économie marchande et corrélativement par un inégal accès aux techniques modernes de production. . Pour rester compétitives, ou tout au moins retarder leur élimination, les petites exploitations sont astreintes à sous-payer leur force de travail, ce que leur permet précisément le caractère familial de leur main-d'œuvre et les pratiques d'autosubsistance. . Par contre, les grandes exploitations, fortement intégrées dans l'économe marchande, ont le capital monétaire nécessaire pour concilier l'emploi de techniques à forte productivité et la rémunération d'une main-d'œuvre salariée. . Dans les pays qui ont fait une révolution agraire, par exemple la R.D.A. ou la Hongrie, le souci de promouvoir un développement égalitaire s'est traduit notamment par une tendance à l'homogénéisation des systèmes de production, chaque exploitation ayant sa part de productions commercialisables et non commercialisables.

Suggested Citation

  • C. Reboul, 1976. "Mode de production et systèmes de culture et d'élevage," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 112(1), pages 55-65.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1976_num_112_1_2413
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1976.2413
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1976.2413
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    Cited by:

    1. Garambois, Nadege & Devienne, Sophie, 2012. "Les systèmes herbagers économes. Une alternative de développement agricole pour l’élevage bovin laitier dans le Bocage vendéen ?," Économie rurale, French Society of Rural Economics (SFER Société Française d'Economie Rurale), vol. 330(July-Sept).
    2. Pacheco de Castro Flores Ribeiro, Paulo & Osório de Barros de Lima e Santos, José Manuel & Prudêncio Rafael Canadas, Maria João & Contente de Vinha Novais, Ana Maria & Ribeiro Ferraria Moreira, Franci, 2021. "Explaining farming systems spatial patterns: A farm-level choice model based on socioeconomic and biophysical drivers," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 191(C).
    3. Pradeleix, L. & Roux, P. & Bouarfa, S. & Bellon-Maurel, V., 2022. "Multilevel environmental assessment of regional farming activities with Life Cycle Assessment: Tackling data scarcity and farm diversity with Life Cycle Inventories based on Agrarian System Diagnosis," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 196(C).

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