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An overview of systematic reviews on predictors of smoking cessation among young people

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  • Anasua Kundu
  • Nahid Sultana
  • Daniel Felsky
  • Theo J Moraes
  • Peter Selby
  • Michael Chaiton

Abstract

Understanding the factors that influence smoking cessation among young people is crucial for planning targeted cessation approaches. The objective of this review was to comprehensively summarize evidence for predictors of different smoking cessation related behaviors among young people from currently available systematic reviews. We searched six databases and reference lists of the included articles for studies published up to October 20, 2023. All systematic reviews summarizing predictors of intention to quit smoking, quit attempts, or smoking abstinence among people aged 10–35 years were included. We excluded reviews on effectiveness of smoking cessation intervention; smoking prevention and other smoking behaviors; cessation of other tobacco products use, dual use, and polysubstance use. We categorized the identified predictors into 5 different categories for 3 overlapping age groups. JBI critical appraisal tool and GRADE-CERqual approach were used for quality and certainty assessment respectively. A total of 11 systematic reviews were included in this study; all summarized predictors of smoking abstinence/quit attempts and two also identified predictors of intention to quit smoking. Seven reviews had satisfactory critical appraisal score and there was minimal overlapping between the reviews. We found 4 ‘possible’ predictors of intention to quit smoking and 119 predictors of smoking abstinence/quit attempts. Most of these 119 predictors were applicable for ~10–29 years age group. We had moderate confidence on the ‘probable’, ‘possible’, ‘insufficient evidence’, and ‘inconsistent direction’ predictors and low confidence on the ‘probably unrelated’ factors. The ‘probable’ predictors include a wide variety of socio-demographic factors, nicotine dependence, mental health, attitudes, behavioral and psychological factors, peer and family related factors, and jurisdictional policies. These predictors can guide improvement of existing smoking cessation interventions or planning of new targeted intervention programs. Other predictors as well as predictors of intention to quit smoking need to be further investigated among adolescents and young adults separately.

Suggested Citation

  • Anasua Kundu & Nahid Sultana & Daniel Felsky & Theo J Moraes & Peter Selby & Michael Chaiton, 2024. "An overview of systematic reviews on predictors of smoking cessation among young people," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 19(3), pages 1-19, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0299728
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299728
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Negin Fouladi & Nedelina Tchangalova & Damilola Ajayi & Elizabeth Millwee & Corinne Lovett & Alana Del Sordi & Samantha Liggett & Malki De Silva & Laura Bonilla & Angel Nkwonta & Leah Ramnarine & Ally, 2023. "COVID-19 Public Health Measures and Patient and Public Involvement in Health and Social Care Research: An Umbrella Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(6), pages 1-19, March.
    2. repec:plo:pmed00:1001775 is not listed on IDEAS
    3. Bader, P. & Travis, H.E. & Skinner, H.A., 2007. "Knowledge synthesis of smoking cessation among employed and unemployed young adults," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 97(8), pages 1434-1443.
    4. Fagan, P. & Augustson, E. & Backinger, C.L. & O'Connell, M.E. & Vollinger Jr., R.E. & Kaufman, A. & Gibson, J.T., 2007. "Quit attempts and intention to quit cigarette smoking among young adults in the United States," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 97(8), pages 1412-1420.
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