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Altered intrinsic local activity and cognitive dysfunction in HIV patients: A resting-state fMRI study

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  • Yunjin Bak
  • Sunyoung Jun
  • Jun Yong Choi
  • Youngjoon Lee
  • Seung-Koo Lee
  • Sanghoon Han
  • Na-Young Shin

Abstract

Purpose: To characterize resting-state brain activation patterns and investigate altered areas for cognitive decline in HIV patients. Methods: Twelve male HIV patients with intact cognition (HIV-IC), 10 with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND), and 11 male healthy controls (HC) underwent resting-state functional MRI (rsfMRI). Three rsfMRI values, regional homogeneity (ReHo), amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF), and fractional ALFF (fALFF) were calculated and compared between groups. Correlation analyses were performed between rsfMRI values and neuropsychological tests. Results: rsfMRI analyses revealed decreased rsfMRI values in the frontal areas, and increases in the posterior brain regions for both HIV-IC and HAND compared to HC. When directly compared to HIV-IC, HAND showed lower fALFF in the orbitofrontal cortex and higher ReHo in the primary sensorimotor area. Additionally, decreased orbitofrontal fALFF, increased sensorimotor ReHo, and a larger difference between the two values were highly correlated with decreased verbal memory and executive function in HIV patients. Conclusions: Regardless of cognitive status, altered local intrinsic activities were found in HIV patients. The orbitofrontal cortex and primary sensorimotor area were more disrupted in HAND relative to HIV-IC and correlated with behavioral performance, suggesting these areas are relevant to cognitive impairment in HIV patients.

Suggested Citation

  • Yunjin Bak & Sunyoung Jun & Jun Yong Choi & Youngjoon Lee & Seung-Koo Lee & Sanghoon Han & Na-Young Shin, 2018. "Altered intrinsic local activity and cognitive dysfunction in HIV patients: A resting-state fMRI study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(11), pages 1-14, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0207146
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207146
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    1. Rolls, Edmund T., 2013. "Emotion and Decision-making Explained," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780199659890.
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