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Blood Glutamate Levels in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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  • Zhen Zheng
  • Tingting Zhu
  • Yi Qu
  • Dezhi Mu

Abstract

Objective: Glutamate plays an important role in brain development, neuronal migration, differentiation, survival and synaptogenesis. Recent studies have explored the relationship between blood glutamate levels and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the findings are inconsistent. We undertook the first systematic review with a meta-analysis of studies examining blood glutamate levels in ASD compared with controls. Methods: A literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library for studies published before March 2016. A random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) of the outcomes. Subgroup analyses were used to explore the potential sources of heterogeneity, and the publication bias was estimated using Egger’s tests. Results: Twelve studies involving 880 participants and 446 incident cases were included in this meta-analysis. The meta-analysis provided evidence for higher blood glutamate levels in ASD [SMD = 0.99, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 0.58–1.40; P

Suggested Citation

  • Zhen Zheng & Tingting Zhu & Yi Qu & Dezhi Mu, 2016. "Blood Glutamate Levels in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(7), pages 1-12, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0158688
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158688
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    1. Hyejung Won & Hye-Ryeon Lee & Heon Yung Gee & Won Mah & Jae-Ick Kim & Jiseok Lee & Seungmin Ha & Changuk Chung & Eun Suk Jung & Yi Sul Cho & Sae-Geun Park & Jung-Soo Lee & Kyungmin Lee & Daesoo Kim & , 2012. "Autistic-like social behaviour in Shank2-mutant mice improved by restoring NMDA receptor function," Nature, Nature, vol. 486(7402), pages 261-265, June.
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