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Can ‘the public’ be considered as a fourth helix in university-industry-government relations? Report on the Fourth Triple Helix Conference, 2002

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  • Loet Leydesdorff
  • Henry Etzkowitz

Abstract

Institutional arrangements of university-industry-government relations raise political questions because the public/private divide can to a certain extent be reconstructed within these networks. The institutional questions resound with concerns about the new technologies (such as genetically modified food) and globalization. The discussions at the Fourth Triple Helix Conference in Copenhagen focused on the role of the university in shaping new innovation environments like the Oresund region created recently by the bridge between Sweden and Denmark. The conference concluded that competing policies at different levels can provide a rich selection environment for both entrepreneurial initiatives and public participation. The formulation of public demand for technological innovations may help to stimulate the transition to an increasingly knowledge-based economy. Heuristics for using the Triple Helix model in empirical research efforts are specified. Copyright , Beech Tree Publishing.

Suggested Citation

  • Loet Leydesdorff & Henry Etzkowitz, 2003. "Can ‘the public’ be considered as a fourth helix in university-industry-government relations? Report on the Fourth Triple Helix Conference, 2002," Science and Public Policy, Oxford University Press, vol. 30(1), pages 55-61, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:scippl:v:30:y:2003:i:1:p:55-61
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    Cited by:

    1. Pardo-Guerra, Juan Pablo, 2011. "Mapping emergence across the Atlantic: Some (tentative) lessons on nanotechnology in Latin America," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 33(1), pages 94-108.
    2. Asta Valackienė & Rafał Nagaj, 2021. "Shared Taxonomy for the Implementation of Responsible Innovation Approach in Industrial Ecosystems," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-21, September.
    3. Loet Leydesdorff & Han Woo Park & Balazs Lengyel, 2014. "A routine for measuring synergy in university–industry–government relations: mutual information as a Triple-Helix and Quadruple-Helix indicator," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 99(1), pages 27-35, April.
    4. Jasleen Brar & Nashit Chowdhury & Mohammad M. H. Raihan & Ayisha Khalid & Mary Grantham O’Brien & Christine A. Walsh & Tanvir C. Turin, 2023. "The Benefits, Challenges, and Strategies toward Establishing a Community-Engaged Knowledge Hub: An Integrative Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(2), pages 1-26, January.
    5. Farshad Momeni & Ali Arab Mazar Yazdi & Seyed Mohammad Sajjad Najafi, 2019. "Changing economic systems and institutional dimensions of the Triple Helix model," Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 8(1), pages 1-12, December.
    6. Mario COCCIA, 2018. "Evolution of the economics of science in the Twenty Century," Journal of Economics Library, KSP Journals, vol. 5(1), pages 65-84, March.
    7. Pedro Monteiro & Teresa De Noronha & Paulo Neto, 2013. "A Differentiation Framework for Maritime Clusters: Comparisons across Europe," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 5(9), pages 1-30, September.
    8. Mona Roman & Henry Varga & Vladimir Cvijanovic & Alasdair Reid, 2020. "Quadruple Helix Models for Sustainable Regional Innovation: Engaging and Facilitating Civil Society Participation," Economies, MDPI, vol. 8(2), pages 1-15, June.
    9. Monteiro, Pedro & Noronha, Teresa & Neto, Paulo, 2011. "Contributions towards a Cluster Strategy for the Sea in the Algarve," Spatial and Organizational Dynamics Discussion Papers 2011-10, CIEO-Research Centre for Spatial and Organizational Dynamics, University of Algarve.
    10. Leydesdorff, Loet & Dolfsma, Wilfred & Van der Panne, Gerben, 2006. "Measuring the knowledge base of an economy in terms of triple-helix relations among 'technology, organization, and territory'," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 35(2), pages 181-199, March.
    11. Gabriel Puron-Cid & J. Ramon Gil-Garcia, 2022. "Are Smart Cities Too Expensive in the Long Term? Analyzing the Effects of ICT Infrastructure on Municipal Financial Sustainability," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-23, May.
    12. Pedro Valadas Monteiro & Teresa de Noronha & Paulo Neto, 2012. "The Idiosyncratic Nature Of Maritime Clusters:Considerations For Their Possible Differentiation," Portuguese Journal of Management Studies, ISEG, Universidade de Lisboa, vol. 0(1), pages 7-38.
    13. Inga Ivanova, 2014. "Quadruple Helix Systems and Symmetry: a Step Towards Helix Innovation System Classification," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 5(2), pages 357-369, June.

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