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Patenting and Licensing University Inventions: Lessons from the History of the Research Corporation

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  • Mowery, David C
  • Sampat, Bhaven N

Abstract

Recent developments in the relationships between R&D in US industry and research in US universities, especially in the growth of university patenting and licensing of technologies to private firms, have attracted considerable attention. This paper discusses the history of an important institution in the history of these relationships, the Research Corporation. The ultimate withdrawal of the Research Corporation from its major role reflected shifting federal policies towards philanthropic organizations as well as the Bayh-Dole Act. The evidence provided in this paper, however, suggests that the seeds of decline had been planted well before 1980 and were apparent in the growing deficits of the Research Corporation during the 1970s. Since some of these factors are also apparent within many US university licensing offices it is likely that some "shake-out" will occur in the future as a number of these universities reduce or terminate their activities in this area. Those that survive are likely to pursue a broader set of goals than royalty income alone. Copyright 2001 by Oxford University Press.

Suggested Citation

  • Mowery, David C & Sampat, Bhaven N, 2001. "Patenting and Licensing University Inventions: Lessons from the History of the Research Corporation," Industrial and Corporate Change, Oxford University Press, vol. 10(2), pages 317-355, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:indcch:v:10:y:2001:i:2:p:317-55
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. David C. Mowery & Bhaven N. Sampat & Arvids A. Ziedonis, 2002. "Learning to Patent: Institutional Experience, Learning, and the Characteristics of U.S. University Patents After the Bayh-Dole Act, 1981-1992," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 48(1), pages 73-89, January.
    2. Francesco Lissoni, 2013. "Intellectual property and university–industry technology transfer," Chapters,in: Public–Private Innovation Networks in Services, chapter 7, pages 164-194 Edward Elgar Publishing.
    3. Macdonald, Stuart, 2004. "When means become ends: considering the impact of patent strategy on innovation," Information Economics and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 16(1), pages 135-158, March.
    4. Kenney, Martin & Patton, Donald, 2009. "Reconsidering the Bayh-Dole Act and the Current University Invention Ownership Model," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 38(9), pages 1407-1422, November.
    5. Bhaven N. Sampat, 2015. "Intellectual property rights and pharmaceuticals: The case of antibiotics," WIPO Economic Research Working Papers 26, World Intellectual Property Organization - Economics and Statistics Division.
    6. Barry Bozeman & Daniel Fay & Catherine Slade, 2013. "Research collaboration in universities and academic entrepreneurship: the-state-of-the-art," The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer, vol. 38(1), pages 1-67, February.
    7. Foray, Dominique & Lissoni, Francesco, 2010. "University Research and Public–Private Interaction," Handbook of the Economics of Innovation, Elsevier.
    8. Colyvas, Jeannette A., 2007. "From divergent meanings to common practices: The early institutionalization of technology transfer in the life sciences at Stanford University," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 36(4), pages 456-476, May.
    9. Sampat, Bhaven N., 2006. "Patenting and US academic research in the 20th century: The world before and after Bayh-Dole," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 35(6), pages 772-789, July.
    10. Segarra-Blasco, Agusti­ & Arauzo-Carod, Josep-Maria, 2008. "Sources of innovation and industry-university interaction: Evidence from Spanish firms," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 37(8), pages 1283-1295, September.
    11. David Mowery, 2011. "Nanotechnology and the US national innovation system: continuity and change," The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer, vol. 36(6), pages 697-711, December.
    12. Balconi, Margherita & Breschi, Stefano & Lissoni, Francesco, 2004. "Networks of inventors and the role of academia: an exploration of Italian patent data," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 33(1), pages 127-145, January.

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