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Are mixed crop–livestock regions in Europe more profitable with mixed or specialized farms?

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  • Murilo Almeida-Furtado
  • Miranda P M Meuwissen
  • Frederic Ang

Abstract

Mixed agricultural regions, which balance crop and livestock production, are often recommended to enhance resilience and sustainability. This study assesses the profit potential of mixed regions in Europe for three scenarios: (1) a combination of mixed and specialized farms, (2) mixed farms and (3) specialized farms. Using data envelopment analysis, we compare the maximum profit across scenarios. Livestock-oriented regions profit most from becoming mixed. Mixed regions are more profitable with a combination of mixed and specialized farms, favouring a greater proportion of specialized farms. However, at the farm level, it is more costly to enforce specialization than mixedness.

Suggested Citation

  • Murilo Almeida-Furtado & Miranda P M Meuwissen & Frederic Ang, 2025. "Are mixed crop–livestock regions in Europe more profitable with mixed or specialized farms?," European Review of Agricultural Economics, Oxford University Press and the European Agricultural and Applied Economics Publications Foundation, vol. 52(5), pages 1530-1593.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:erevae:v:52:y:2025:i:5:p:1530-1593.
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1093/erae/jbaf046
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